Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Abilene, TX , USA.
Division of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA.
Front Public Health. 2015 Apr 27;2:209. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00209. eCollection 2014.
This perspective paper describes processes in the development of an evidence-based fall prevention curriculum for community health workers/promotores (CHW/P) that highlights the development of the curriculum and addresses: (1) the need and rationale for involving CHW/P in fall prevention; (2) involvement of CHW/P and content experts in the curriculum development; (3) best practices utilized in the curriculum development and training implementation; and (4) next steps for dissemination and utilization of the CHW/P fall prevention curriculum. The project team of CHW/P and content experts developed, pilot tested, and revised bilingual in-person training modules about fall prevention among older adults. The curriculum incorporated the following major themes: (1) fall risk factors and strategies to reduce/prevent falls; (2) communication strategies to reduce risk of falling and strategies for developing fall prevention plans; and (3) health behavior change theories utilized to prevent and reduce falls. Three separate fall prevention modules were developed for CHW/P and CHW/P Instructors to be used during in-person trainings. Module development incorporated a five-step process: (1) conduct informal focus groups with CHW/P to inform content development; (2) develop three in-person modules in English and Spanish with input from content experts; (3) pilot-test the modules with CHW/P; (4) refine and finalize modules based on pilot-test feedback; and (5) submit modules for approval of continuing education units. This project contributes to the existing evidence-based literature by examining the role of CHW/P in fall prevention among older adults. By including evidence-based communication strategies such as message tailoring, the curriculum design allows CHW/P to personalize the information for individuals, which can result in an effective dissemination of a curriculum that is evidence-based and culturally appropriate.
本观点文章描述了为社区卫生工作者/ promotores（CHW/P）制定循证预防跌倒课程的开发过程，重点介绍了课程的开发，并解决了以下问题：（1）需要并说明让 CHW/P 参与预防跌倒的原因；（2）CHW/P 和内容专家在课程开发中的参与；（3）课程开发和培训实施中采用的最佳实践；以及（4）传播和利用 CHW/P 预防跌倒课程的下一步措施。CHW/P 和内容专家项目团队共同开发、试点测试和修订了针对老年人预防跌倒的双语面对面培训模块。该课程纳入了以下主要主题：（1）跌倒风险因素和减少/预防跌倒的策略；（2）减少跌倒风险的沟通策略和制定跌倒预防计划的策略；以及（3）用于预防和减少跌倒的健康行为改变理论。为 CHW/P 和 CHW/P 指导员开发了三个单独的预防跌倒模块，用于面对面培训。模块开发纳入了一个五步流程：（1）与 CHW/P 进行非正式焦点小组讨论，以获取内容开发信息；（2）在内容专家的指导下用英语和西班牙语开发三个面对面模块；（3）与 CHW/P 进行模块试点测试；（4）根据试点测试反馈进行修订和定稿；以及（5）提交模块以获得继续教育学分的批准。该项目通过研究 CHW/P 在老年人预防跌倒中的作用，为现有的循证文献做出了贡献。通过纳入基于证据的沟通策略，如信息定制，课程设计允许 CHW/P 为个人个性化信息，从而有效地传播基于证据和文化适宜的课程。
