Joukal Marek, Frišhons Jan
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
Institute of Legal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Tvrdého 2a, Brno 662 99, Czech Republic.
Forensic Sci Int. 2015 Jul;252:82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.027. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Many authors have focused on facial identification techniques, and facial reconstructions for cases when skulls have been found are especially well known. However, a standardized facial identification technique for an unknown body with seriously devastating head injuries has not yet been developed. A reconstruction and identification technique was used in 7 cases of accidents involving trains striking pedestrians. This identification technique is based on the removal of skull bone fragments, subsequent fixation of soft tissue onto a universal commercial polystyrene head model, precise suture of dermatomuscular flaps, and definitive adjustment using cosmetic treatments. After reconstruction, identifying marks such as scars, eyebrows, facial lines, facial hair and partly hairstyle become evident. It is then possible to present a modified picture of the reconstructed face to relatives. After comparing the results with photos of the person before death, this technique has proven to be very useful for identifying unknown bodies when other identification techniques are not available. This technique is useful for its being rather quick and especially for its results.
许多作者专注于面部识别技术，对于发现颅骨的案例进行面部重建尤为知名。然而，针对头部严重受损的无名尸体，尚未开发出标准化的面部识别技术。一种重建和识别技术应用于7例火车撞行人的事故案例中。这种识别技术基于去除颅骨碎片，随后将软组织固定在通用的商用聚苯乙烯头部模型上，精确缝合皮肌瓣，并使用美容治疗进行最终调整。重建后，诸如疤痕、眉毛、面部线条、面部毛发和部分发型等识别标记变得明显。然后可以向亲属展示重建面部的修改图片。将结果与死者生前照片进行比较后，当其他识别技术不可用时，该技术已被证明对识别无名尸体非常有用。该技术因其速度相当快且效果显著而有用。
