Ugwu N I, Awodu O A, Bazuaye G N, Okoye A E
Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2015 Jul-Aug;18(4):522-6. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.154204.
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an inherited hemoglobin disorder characterized by chronic anemia and occasional crises. Clinical features are variable. While some individuals are relatively stable and rarely require blood transfusion, others often require blood transfusion. Multiple blood transfusion is associated with complications including alloimmunization, infections, and iron overload.
The study aimed at determining the prevalence of red cell alloimmunization among multi-transfused patients with SCA.
A cross-sectional study of adult SCA patients who have received multiple blood transfusion and those who have never received blood was done. Antibody screening and identification were carried out using gel technology with commercially made panel of cells.
A total of 145 SCA subjects were studied. They were made up of 86 test group (those that had received two or more units of blood) and 59 control group (those that had never received blood transfusion). Prevalence of red cell alloantibody among multi-transfused patients with SCA was found to be 9.3%. Alloantibodies identified were mainly against Rhesus antigens contributing 87.5% (anti-E 37.5%, anti-C 25%, anti-D 12.5%, anti-e 12.5%). A combination of Kell and Lutheran blood group antigens contributed 12.5%. No antibody was detected among the control group.
Blood transfusion is associated with the development of alloantibodies. Routine blood grouping for multi-transfused patients with SCA should be extended to include other blood group antigens in addition to Rhesus D and ABO antigens.
镰状细胞贫血（SCA）是一种遗传性血红蛋白疾病，其特征为慢性贫血和偶发危象。临床特征各异。一些个体相对稳定，很少需要输血，而另一些则经常需要输血。多次输血会引发包括同种免疫、感染和铁过载在内的并发症。
本研究旨在确定多次输血的SCA患者中红细胞同种免疫的患病率。
对接受多次输血的成年SCA患者和从未接受过输血的患者进行了横断面研究。使用商业细胞面板通过凝胶技术进行抗体筛查和鉴定。
共研究了145名SCA受试者。他们由86名试验组（接受过两单位或更多单位血液的患者）和59名对照组（从未接受过输血的患者）组成。发现多次输血的SCA患者中红细胞同种抗体的患病率为9.3%。鉴定出的同种抗体主要针对恒河猴抗原，占87.5%（抗-E 37.5%、抗-C 25%、抗-D 12.5%、抗-e 12.5%）。凯尔血型和路德血型抗原的组合占12.5%。对照组未检测到抗体。
输血与同种抗体的产生有关。对于多次输血的SCA患者，常规血型鉴定应扩展到除恒河猴D和ABO抗原外还包括其他血型抗原。
