Otte Willem M, van der Marel Kajo, van Meer Maurits P A, van Rijen Peter C, Gosselaar Peter H, Braun Kees P J, Dijkhuizen Rick M
1] Department of Pediatric Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Aug;35(8):1358-67. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.101. Epub 2015 May 13.
Hemispherectomy is often followed by remarkable recovery of cognitive and motor functions. This reflects plastic capacities of the remaining hemisphere, involving large-scale structural and functional adaptations. Better understanding of these adaptations may (1) provide new insights in the neuronal configuration and rewiring that underlies sensorimotor outcome restoration, and (2) guide development of rehabilitation strategies to enhance recovery after hemispheric lesioning. We assessed brain structure and function in a hemispherectomy model. With MRI we mapped changes in white matter structural integrity and gray matter functional connectivity in eight hemispherectomized rats, compared with 12 controls. Behavioral testing involved sensorimotor performance scoring. Diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were acquired 7 and 49 days post surgery. Hemispherectomy caused significant sensorimotor deficits that largely recovered within 2 weeks. During the recovery period, fractional anisotropy was maintained and white matter volume and axial diffusivity increased in the contralateral cerebral peduncle, suggestive of preserved or improved white matter integrity despite overall reduced white matter volume. This was accompanied by functional adaptations in the contralateral sensorimotor network. The observed white matter modifications and reorganization of functional network regions may provide handles for rehabilitation strategies improving functional recovery following large lesions.
大脑半球切除术之后，认知和运动功能常常会显著恢复。这反映了剩余半球的可塑性，涉及大规模的结构和功能适应性变化。更好地理解这些适应性变化可能（1）为感觉运动结果恢复背后的神经元配置和重新布线提供新的见解，以及（2）指导康复策略的制定，以增强半球损伤后的恢复。我们在一个大脑半球切除术模型中评估了大脑结构和功能。通过磁共振成像（MRI），我们绘制了8只接受大脑半球切除术的大鼠与12只对照大鼠相比，白质结构完整性和灰质功能连接性的变化。行为测试包括感觉运动性能评分。在手术后7天和49天进行了扩散张量成像和静息态功能磁共振成像。大脑半球切除术导致了显著的感觉运动缺陷，这些缺陷在2周内基本恢复。在恢复期间，对侧大脑脚的分数各向异性得以维持，白质体积和轴向扩散率增加，这表明尽管白质总体积减少，但白质完整性得以保留或改善。这伴随着对侧感觉运动网络的功能适应性变化。观察到的白质改变和功能网络区域的重组可能为改善大损伤后功能恢复的康复策略提供切入点。
