星形胶质细胞1型大麻素受体（CB1）：三方突触中的新角色。

Astroglial type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1): A new player in the tripartite synapse.

作者信息

Oliveira da Cruz J F, Robin L M, Drago F, Marsicano G, Metna-Laurent M

机构信息

INSERM U862 NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Dept. of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

INSERM U862 NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France.

出版信息

Neuroscience. 2016 May 26;323:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 May 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.002

PMID:25967266

Abstract

The endocannabinoid system is an important regulator of physiological functions. In the brain, this control is mainly exerted through the type-1-cannabinoid (CB1) receptors. CB1 receptors are abundant at neuron terminals where their stimulation inhibits neurotransmitter release. However, CB1 receptors are also expressed in astrocytes and recent studies showed that astroglial cannabinoid signaling is a key element of the tripartite synapse. In this review we discuss the different mechanisms by which astroglial CB1 receptors control synaptic transmission and plasticity. The recent involvement of astroglial CB1 receptors in the effects of cannabinoids on memory highlights their key roles in cognitive processes and further indicates that astrocytes are central active elements of high-order brain functions.

摘要

内源性大麻素系统是生理功能的重要调节者。在大脑中，这种调控主要通过1型大麻素（CB1）受体来实现。CB1受体在神经元终末大量存在，刺激这些受体可抑制神经递质释放。然而，CB1受体也在星形胶质细胞中表达，最近的研究表明，星形胶质细胞的大麻素信号传导是三联突触的关键要素。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了星形胶质细胞CB1受体控制突触传递和可塑性的不同机制。星形胶质细胞CB1受体最近参与大麻素对记忆的影响，突出了它们在认知过程中的关键作用，并进一步表明星形胶质细胞是高阶脑功能的核心活性元件。