Klostranec J M, Krings T
Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada -
J Neurosurg Sci. 2015 Sep;59(3):221-35. Epub 2015 May 13.
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular malformations of the brain and brainstem that arise via a number of different mechanisms and can result in non-specific presentations. Therefore, medical imaging is essential in the diagnosis of these lesions and important to guide their clinical or surgical management. MRI is the modality of choice with newer protocols, such as susceptibility weighted imaging, playing an increasingly important role in the detection of CCMs. In this review we will discuss lesion structure, its proposed origins, and common lesion presentations and complications, before covering their expected appearances with different imaging modalities. We conclude with a discussion of insights about lesion behaviour acquired from advanced imaging techniques and provide a general approach to characterizing and diagnosing CCM lesions with neuroimaging.
脑海绵状血管畸形（CCMs）是发生于脑和脑干的血管畸形，由多种不同机制引起，可导致非特异性表现。因此，医学成像对于这些病变的诊断至关重要，并且对于指导其临床或手术治疗也很重要。MRI是首选的检查方式，诸如磁敏感加权成像等更新的检查方案在CCMs的检测中发挥着越来越重要的作用。在本综述中，我们将讨论病变结构、其推测的起源、常见的病变表现及并发症，然后阐述其在不同成像方式下的预期表现。我们最后讨论从先进成像技术中获得的关于病变行为的见解，并提供一种利用神经影像学对CCM病变进行特征描述和诊断的一般方法。
