Codocedo Juan F, Ríos Juvenal A, Godoy Juan A, Inestrosa Nibaldo C
Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular, Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Mol Neurobiol. 2016 May;53(4):2320-38. doi: 10.1007/s12035-015-9201-7. Epub 2015 May 15.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in people over 65 years of age. At present, treatment options for AD address only its symptoms, and there are no available treatments for the prevention or delay of the disease process. Several preclinical and epidemiological studies have linked metabolic risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes to the pathogenesis of AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this relationship are not fully understood. Considering that less than 1% of cases of AD are attributable to genetic factors, the identification of new molecular targets linking metabolic risk factors to neuropathological processes is necessary for improving the diagnosis and treatment of AD. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate several biological processes, has been implicated in the development of different pathologies. In this review, we summarize some of the relevant evidence that points to the role of miRNAs in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and AD and propose that miRNAs may be a molecular link in the complex relationship between both diseases.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是65岁以上人群中痴呆最常见的病因。目前，AD的治疗方案仅针对其症状，尚无预防或延缓疾病进程的有效治疗方法。多项临床前和流行病学研究已将高血压、肥胖、血脂异常和糖尿病等代谢危险因素与AD的发病机制联系起来。然而，这种关系背后的分子机制尚未完全明确。鉴于不到1%的AD病例可归因于遗传因素，确定将代谢危险因素与神经病理过程联系起来的新分子靶点对于改善AD的诊断和治疗至关重要。微小RNA（miRNA）是调节多种生物学过程的小型非编码RNA，其失调与不同病理的发生有关。在本综述中，我们总结了一些相关证据，这些证据表明miRNA在代谢综合征（MetS）和AD中的作用，并提出miRNA可能是这两种疾病复杂关系中的分子纽带。
