Cui Yingying, Béthoux Olivier, Klass Klaus-Dieter, Ren Dong
College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 10048 Beijing, China; Freiberg University of Mining and Technology, Institute of Geology, Department of Palaeontology, Bernhard-von-Cotta Str. 2, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
Centre de Recherches sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P, UMR 7207), Sorbonne Universités - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC-Paris6 - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier, CP38, F-75005 Paris, France.
Arthropod Struct Dev. 2015 Nov;44(6 Pt B):688-716. doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2015.04.008. Epub 2015 May 13.
The presumed phylogenetic link between extant ice-crawlers (Grylloblattidae = 'crown-Grylloblattida') and fossil species of the taxon concept Grylloblattida sensu Storozhenko (2002) is essentially based on postabdominal morphology. However, the fossil data are limited, and the interpretation is open to debate. Here we investigate a sample of a poorly known fossil 'grylloblattidan' family, the Bajanzhargalanidae, collected from the Daohugou locality (Middle Jurassic, China). We describe Sinonele fangi gen. nov., sp. nov., Sinonele hei gen. nov., sp. nov., Sinonele phasmoides gen. nov., sp. nov., and Sinonele mini gen. nov., sp. nov. Thanks to the abundance and exceptional preservation of the material, we could document wing venation intra-specific variability, provide cues to identify male and female individuals, describe and tentatively interpret various body structures of both sexes, and discuss them with a broad pterygotan phylogenetic perspective. The Bajanzhargalanidae exhibit a puzzling combination of postabdominal characters leaving us inconclusive on their affinities, or lack thereof, with crown-Grylloblattida. Our contribution suggests that a substantial effort will be needed to further investigate postabdominal structures from comparatively ancient fossil insects preserved as rock imprints, because of their broad morphological disparity.
现存的冰爬虫（ Grylloblattidae = “冠Grylloblattida”）与Storozhenko（2002）分类概念下Grylloblattida化石物种之间假定的系统发育联系，本质上是基于腹部后部形态。然而，化石数据有限，其解释也存在争议。在此，我们研究了一个鲜为人知的化石“grylloblattidan”科——巴彦扎尔嘎兰科（Bajanzhargalanidae）的样本，该样本采自中国道虎沟地区（中侏罗世）。我们描述了新属新种方氏中华缺翅蛩（Sinonele fangi gen. nov., sp. nov.）、新属新种黑氏中华缺翅蛩（Sinonele hei gen. nov., sp. nov.）、新属新种竹节形中华缺翅蛩（Sinonele phasmoides gen. nov., sp. nov.）和新属新种微小中华缺翅蛩（Sinonele mini gen. nov., sp. nov.）。由于材料丰富且保存异常完好，我们能够记录翅脉的种内变异性，提供识别雌雄个体的线索，描述并初步解释两性的各种身体结构，并从广义的有翅昆虫系统发育角度进行讨论。巴彦扎尔嘎兰科腹部后部特征的组合令人费解，这使得我们无法确定它们与冠Grylloblattida的亲缘关系（或缺乏亲缘关系）。我们的研究表明，由于保存在岩石印记中的相对古老化石昆虫的腹部后部结构形态差异很大，因此需要付出巨大努力来进一步研究它们。
