Teng Feifei, Kong Li, Meng Xiangjiao, Yang Jia, Yu Jinming
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Cancer Lett. 2015 Aug 28;365(1):23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 14.
To date, several kinds of immunomodulating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been applied in clinical trials, such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4) mAb and anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) mAb. With the recent success of cancer immunotherapy, especially the checkpoint inhibitors, the renewed interest in immunotherapy as a treatment modality has gained extensive attention. The irradiated tumor cell death can enhance antitumor immunity by inducing antigen expression on tumor cells and activating lymphocytes. Radiotherapy (RT) combined with immunotherapy has revealed promising outcomes in various animal models. However, this new paradigm is often considered as a medical spectacle without a unifying model, and its mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. The purpose of this review is to investigate previously published studies of radiotherapy combined with checkpoint blockades by the following aspects: exploring the potential mechanisms; identifying the most beneficial dose, fraction and target site for RT; finding an appropriate time window to combine these two treatments; and discussing the toxicity and suitable treatment evaluating criteria.
迄今为止，几种免疫调节单克隆抗体（mAb）已应用于临床试验，如抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4（抗CTLA-4）单克隆抗体和抗程序性死亡1（抗PD-1）单克隆抗体。随着癌症免疫疗法近期取得成功，尤其是检查点抑制剂，作为一种治疗方式的免疫疗法重新引起的兴趣已获得广泛关注。经辐射的肿瘤细胞死亡可通过诱导肿瘤细胞上的抗原表达和激活淋巴细胞来增强抗肿瘤免疫力。放射疗法（RT）与免疫疗法联合应用在各种动物模型中已显示出有前景的结果。然而，这种新范式常被视为缺乏统一模型的医学奇观，其机制尚未阐明。本综述的目的是通过以下方面研究先前发表的放射疗法联合检查点阻断的研究：探索潜在机制；确定放射疗法最有益的剂量、分次和靶位点；找到联合这两种治疗的合适时间窗；并讨论毒性和合适的治疗评估标准。
