Simonÿ Charlotte P, Pedersen Birthe D, Dreyer Pia, Birkelund Regner
Institute of Health, Section of Nursing Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Region Zealand, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark.
J Clin Nurs. 2015 Sep;24(17-18):2581-90. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12867. Epub 2015 May 19.
To investigate patients' lived experiences of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation.
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is used to enable patients with cardiac problems to move forward to lead satisfying lives. However, knowledge of patients' concerns while they follow the current programmes is sparse.
This study, which included nine men and two women with unstable angina pectoris and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, used a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach.
The patients were followed by field observations during exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. Focus group interviews were conducted at the programme end, and individual interviews were performed one to two months later. The interpretation comprised three methodological steps: naïve reading, structural analysis, and comprehensive interpretation and discussion.
Although both physically and psychologically challenged, the patients were encouraged to maintain an active lifestyle. Three themes were identified: anxiety regarding exercise, whereby the patients are initially insecure about how to behave with their diseased hearts; encouragement from training together, whereby the patients support each other in exercising; and growing confidence in the heart, whereby the patients enjoy being physically active.
In exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, patients' insecurity with respect to their heart disease is revealed as an existential anxiety. Through peer support and a positive physical perception, the patients gain renewed self-efficacy, helping them to continue their lives in an active and satisfying way.
Knowing that patients are confronted with an existential anxiety during exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is important because it requires specific care. Recognising this anxiety also highlights how participating in the programme can be very demanding, which can help us understand aspects of adherence problems. Of greatest importance is that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation enables patients to find a new foothold, which comprises enjoying being physically active.
调查患者在基于运动的心脏康复中的生活体验。
基于运动的心脏康复旨在帮助有心脏问题的患者过上满意的生活。然而，对于患者在遵循当前康复计划时所关注问题的了解却很少。
本研究采用现象学诠释学方法，纳入了9名男性和2名患有不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高型心肌梗死的女性。
在基于运动的心脏康复过程中对患者进行实地观察。在康复计划结束时进行焦点小组访谈，并在一到两个月后进行个人访谈。诠释包括三个方法步骤：初步阅读、结构分析以及全面诠释与讨论。
尽管在身体和心理上都面临挑战，但患者仍被鼓励保持积极的生活方式。确定了三个主题：对运动的焦虑，患者最初对如何应对患病的心脏感到不安；共同训练的鼓励，患者在运动中相互支持；对心脏的信心增强，患者享受身体活动。
在基于运动的心脏康复中，患者对心脏病的不安全感表现为一种生存焦虑。通过同伴支持和积极的身体感知，患者获得了新的自我效能感，帮助他们以积极和满意的方式继续生活。
了解患者在基于运动的心脏康复过程中面临生存焦虑很重要，因为这需要特殊护理。认识到这种焦虑也凸显了参与该计划可能非常具有挑战性，这有助于我们理解依从性问题的各个方面。最重要的是，基于运动的心脏康复使患者能够找到一个新的立足点，即享受身体活动。
