Dantas Ivan de Picoli, Valera Fabiana Cardoso Pereira, Zappelini Carlos Eduardo Monteiro, Anselmo-Lima Wilma Terezinha
Otorhinolaryngologist. PhD Student, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP).
Postdoctoral in Otorhinolaryngology. Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, HCFMRP-USP.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Jan;17(1):26-30. doi: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000100005.
The respiratory tract is one of the main points of entry of foreign substances into the body. Because of its location, the respiratory tract is heavily exposed to harmful agents, such as gases, vapors, or aerosols.
Our objective was to evaluate the symptoms of occupational rhinitis in workers exposed to cotton dust.
The prospective study population consisted of workers from the "Nova Esperança" Cooperative of Nova Odessa (Sao Paulo), who were studied between September and December 2008. Data were collected through an individually and privately answered questionnaire designed by the author considering the clinical criteria for rhinitis.
Using the questionnaire, we evaluated a total of 124 workers. Among these patients, 63.7% complained of nasal obstruction, 57.2% of nasal itching, 46.7% of rhinorrhea, and 66.1% of sneezing. Of the patients considered to have very serious symptoms, 9% had nasal obstruction; 9%, itching; 4%, rhinorrhea; and 6.4%, sneezing.
Aerosol agents in the environment can clearly aggravate and even initiate rhinitis. From the standpoint of pathogenesis, the mechanisms of classical allergic airway inflammation involving mast cells, IgE, histamine, eosinophils, and lymphocytes may be responsible for the development of rhinitis after exposure to high molecular weight allergens such as proteins derived from animals and plants. This study showed a strong relationship between the occupational exposures associated with work in the cotton textile industry and the symptoms of rhinitis.
Analysis of the data clearly showed the occurrence of rhinitis symptoms in these patients, demonstrating that the prevention and treatment of this condition in the workplace is extremely important.
呼吸道是外来物质进入人体的主要途径之一。由于其位置特殊，呼吸道极易接触到有害因子，如气体、蒸汽或气溶胶。
我们的目标是评估接触棉尘的工人职业性鼻炎的症状。
前瞻性研究人群包括来自圣保罗州新奥德萨市“新希望”合作社的工人，于2008年9月至12月期间进行研究。数据通过作者根据鼻炎临床标准设计的个人私下回答问卷收集。
使用该问卷，我们共评估了124名工人。在这些患者中，63.7%抱怨鼻塞，57.2%抱怨鼻痒，46.7%抱怨流涕，66.1%抱怨打喷嚏。在被认为症状非常严重的患者中，9%有鼻塞；9%有鼻痒；4%有流涕；6.4%有打喷嚏。
环境中的气溶胶因子可明显加重甚至引发鼻炎。从发病机制的角度来看，涉及肥大细胞、IgE、组胺、嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的经典过敏性气道炎症机制可能是接触动植物源性蛋白质等高分子量过敏原后鼻炎发病的原因。本研究表明，棉纺织行业工作相关的职业暴露与鼻炎症状之间存在密切关系。
数据分析清楚地显示了这些患者中鼻炎症状的发生，表明在工作场所预防和治疗这种疾病极为重要。
