Sadelain Michel, Brentjens Renier, Rivière Isabelle, Park Jae
From the Center for Cell Engineering and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2015:e360-3. doi: 10.14694/EdBook_AM.2015.35.e360.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy is an emerging immunotherapy that shows great promise for cancer, in particular acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). CARs are recombinant receptors for antigen, which, in a single molecule, redirect the specificity and function of T lymphocytes. Following their genetic transfer to patient T cells, the latter acquire the ability to recognize leukemia cells and destroy them. Several years ago, we identified CD19 as an attractive target for CAR therapy for most B cell malignancies, including ALL. We and others have reported remarkable clinical outcomes in adults and children with ALL, achieving a high complete remission rate irrespective of age, prior treatments, or other prognostic markers. Severe cytokine release may develop in patients with high tumor burdens. Several interventions are available to curb the cytokine release syndrome when it occurs. Based on the impressive results obtained with CD19 CAR therapy for ALL, it is realistic to expect that CD19 CARs will become part of the armamentarium for B cell-ALL and other B cell malignancies.
嵌合抗原受体（CAR）疗法是一种新兴的免疫疗法，对癌症尤其是急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）显示出巨大的前景。CAR是抗原的重组受体，它在单个分子中重定向T淋巴细胞的特异性和功能。在将其基因转移到患者T细胞后，后者获得识别白血病细胞并将其摧毁的能力。几年前，我们确定CD19是大多数B细胞恶性肿瘤（包括ALL）CAR疗法的一个有吸引力的靶点。我们和其他人报告了成人和儿童ALL患者显著的临床结果，无论年龄、既往治疗或其他预后标志物如何，都实现了高完全缓解率。高肿瘤负荷的患者可能会出现严重的细胞因子释放。当细胞因子释放综合征发生时，有几种干预措施可用于控制它。基于CD19 CAR疗法治疗ALL所取得的令人印象深刻的结果，预计CD19 CAR将成为B细胞ALL和其他B细胞恶性肿瘤治疗手段的一部分是现实的。
