Landry Alicia S, Thomson Jessica L, Madson Michael B, Zoellner Jamie M, Mohn Richard S, Noble Jeremy, Connell Carol L, Yadrick Kathy
The University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nutrition and Food Systems, 118 College Dr, Box 5172, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0001. Email:
USDA Agricultural Research Service, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2015 May 21;12:E79. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.140525.
Although modifications to dietary and physical activity (PA) behavior can reduce blood pressure, racial disparities in prevalence and control of hypertension persist. Psychosocial constructs (PSCs) of self-regulation, processes of change, and social support are associated with initiation and maintenance of PA in African Americans; which PSCs best predict lifestyle behavior changes is unclear. This study's objective was to examine relationships among PSC changes and postintervention changes in PA and dietary outcomes in a community-based, multicomponent lifestyle intervention.
This study was a noncontrolled, pre/post experimental intervention conducted in a midsized, Southern US city in 2010. Primarily African American adults (n = 269) participated in a 6-month intervention consisting of motivational enhancement, social support, pedometer diary self-monitoring, and 5 education sessions. Outcome measures included pedometer-determined steps per day, fitness, dietary intake, and PSC measures. Generalized linear mixed models were used to test for postintervention changes in behavioral outcomes, identify predictors of PSC changes, and determine if PSC changes predicted changes in PA and diet.
Postintervention changes were apparent for 10 of 24 PSCs (P < .05). Processes of change components, including helping relationships, reinforcement management, and consciousness raising, were significant predictors of fitness change (P < .05).
This article is among the first to address how measures of several theoretical frameworks of behavior change influence changes in PA and dietary outcomes in a multicomponent, community-based, lifestyle intervention conducted with African American adults. Findings reported identify PSC factors on which health behavior interventions can focus.
尽管调整饮食和身体活动（PA）行为可以降低血压，但高血压患病率和控制方面的种族差异仍然存在。自我调节、改变过程和社会支持等心理社会结构（PSC）与非裔美国人PA的启动和维持相关；尚不清楚哪些PSC最能预测生活方式行为的变化。本研究的目的是在一项基于社区的多成分生活方式干预中，检验PSC变化与干预后PA和饮食结果变化之间的关系。
本研究是2010年在美国南部一个中等规模城市进行的一项非对照、干预前后的实验性干预。主要是非裔美国成年人（n = 269）参与了一项为期6个月的干预，包括动机增强、社会支持、计步器日记自我监测和5次教育课程。结果测量包括计步器确定的每日步数、体能、饮食摄入和PSC测量。广义线性混合模型用于测试干预后行为结果的变化，识别PSC变化的预测因素，并确定PSC变化是否预测PA和饮食的变化。
24个PSC中有10个在干预后出现了明显变化（P < .05）。变化过程成分，包括帮助关系、强化管理和意识提高，是体能变化的显著预测因素（P < .05）。
本文是首批探讨行为改变的几个理论框架的测量方法如何影响对非裔美国成年人进行的多成分、基于社区的生活方式干预中PA和饮食结果变化的文章之一。报告的研究结果确定了健康行为干预可以关注的PSC因素。
