Gans J S
Int J Group Psychother. 1989 Oct;39(4):499-516. doi: 10.1080/00207284.1989.11491191.
To run a psychodynamic group therapeutically, the leader must understand the meanings and functions of hostility. Fundamental to this task is the leader's awareness of his or her bias toward hostility as a constructive or destructive feeling and willingness to serve as a lightening rod for it. This paper discusses the sources of hostility during different stages of group development. The therapeutic handling of hostility is discussed under the following topics: theoretical considerations, defensive functions, and communicative functions. Case examples illustrate the proper handling of contractual violations, scapegoating, and narcissistic injury. Countertransference reactions to anger and rage in the group are discussed.
为了以治疗性的方式开展心理动力团体治疗，领导者必须理解敌意的含义和功能。对于这项任务而言，关键在于领导者意识到自己对敌意作为一种建设性或破坏性情感的偏见，并愿意成为敌意的避雷针。本文讨论了团体发展不同阶段敌意的来源。敌意的治疗性处理将在以下主题下进行讨论：理论考量、防御功能和沟通功能。案例示例说明了对违反契约、替罪羊现象和自恋性伤害的恰当处理。还讨论了团体中对愤怒和暴怒的反移情反应。
