Gans J S
Massachusetts General Hospital.
Int J Group Psychother. 1991 Apr;41(2):127-43. doi: 10.1080/00207284.1991.11490640.
This article discusses the leader's use of metaphor in outpatient, psychodynamic group psychotherapy. Four clinical examples are provided that illustrate how the phase of group development informs the leader's use of metaphor. Therapeutic features and uses of metaphor include (1) the development of ego skills that transform passivity into activity and foster the examination of unhealthy norms; (2) the modulation and rechanneling of potentially destructive affect and the intensification of affect that is denied, minimized, or avoided; (3) the creation of a verbal play space in which shared group language evolves; (4) and the provision of various levels of concreteness and abstraction as well as differing perspectives. Abuses of metaphorical interventions are discussed.
本文探讨领导者在门诊心理动力团体心理治疗中对隐喻的运用。文中提供了四个临床实例，用以说明团体发展阶段如何影响领导者对隐喻的运用。隐喻的治疗特性及用途包括：（1）发展自我技能，将被动转化为主动，并促进对不健康规范的审视；（2）调节并重新引导潜在的破坏性情感，强化被否认、最小化或回避的情感；（3）创造一个言语游戏空间，使团体共享语言得以发展；（4）提供不同层次的具体性和抽象性以及不同的视角。同时，本文还讨论了隐喻干预的滥用情况。
