Zhang Fulan, Yang Qi, Zhang Tiancheng, Xiong Jingmei, Chen Jing
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2015 Mar;44(2):257-63, 269.
To understand the health risk behaviors status and influence factors of Tujia and Miao adolescents in Xiangxi Area.
By the method of layered, random and total sampling, questionnaire survey about dietary bias, current smoking, current drinking, suicidal ideation, internet addiction and lack of physical exercise was taken to 2094 Tujia and Miao adolescents. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of health risk behaviors. Results The report rates of dietary bias, current smoking, current drinking, suicidal ideation, internet addiction and lack of physical exercise were 27. 84%, 18. 29%, 28. 03%, 21. 68%, 5. 25% and 52. 82%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis result showed that the risk factor of dietary bias was depression(OR = 1. 352, P =0. 026), the protective factor were schoolboy (OR =0.765, P=0.008) and in residence(OR =0.743, P =0.004). The risk factor of current smoking were schoolboy (OR =6. 782, P =0. 000), insomnia(seldom or sometimes OR = 1. 516, P = 0. 013, often or always OR = 2. 738, P = 0. 000), internet addiction (OR =2.389, P =0. 000), fight(OR = 2. 481, P = 0. 000) and current drinking(OR = 4. 060, P = 0. 000), the protective factor was school record (average OR = 0. 699, P = 0. 026, above average or good OR = 0. 437, P = 0. 000). The risk factor of current drinking were schoolboy (OR = 1. 829, P = 0. 000), insomnia (seldom or sometimes OR = 1. 550, P = 0. 002, often or always OR = 1. 754, P = 0. 004), internet addiction (OR = 1. 901, P =0. 004), fight (OR = l.785, P = 0. 000)and current smoking (OR = 4. 016, P = 0. 000). The risk factor of suicidal ideation were lonely(seldom or sometimes OR = 1. 823, P =0. 010, often or always OR = 4. 445, P =0. 000), depression (OR = 3. 226, P = 0. 000) and only child (OR = 1. 612, P = 0. 003), the protective factor was schoolboy (OR =0. 648, P = 0. 000). The risk factor of internet addiction were schoolboy (OR = 2. 480, P = 0. 000) depression (OR = 2. 650, P = 0. 000) and mainly to play games(OR = 4. 631, P = 0. 000). The risk factor of lack of physical exercise were high school student (OR = 1. 536, P =0. 000) and depression(OR = 1. 410, P = 0. 003), the protective factor were schoolboy (OR ='0. 581, P = 0. 000) and school record (average OR = 0. 798, P = 0. 036, above average or good OR = 0. 609, P = 0. 000.
Tujia and Miao boys were more prone to smoking and drinking behavior, while girls were likely to happen dietary bias, suicidal ideation and lack of physical exercise behavior. Miao students were high-risk population of smoking and drinking behavior. Insomnia and depression became risk factors of multiple health risk behaviors.
了解湘西地区土家族和苗族青少年健康危险行为现状及影响因素。
采用分层、随机、整群抽样方法，对2094名土家族和苗族青少年进行饮食偏好、当前吸烟、当前饮酒、自杀意念、网络成瘾及缺乏体育锻炼等方面的问卷调查。采用Logistic回归分析健康危险行为的危险因素。结果饮食偏好、当前吸烟、当前饮酒、自杀意念、网络成瘾及缺乏体育锻炼的报告率分别为27.84%、18.29%、28.03%、21.68%、5.25%和52.82%。Logistic回归分析结果显示，饮食偏好的危险因素为抑郁（OR = 1.352，P = 0.026），保护因素为男生（OR = 0.765，P = 0.008）和住校（OR = 0.743，P = 0.004）。当前吸烟的危险因素为男生（OR = 6.782，P = 0.000）、失眠（偶尔或有时OR = 1.516，P = 0.013，经常或总是OR = 2.738，P = 0.000）、网络成瘾（OR = 2.389，P = 0.000）、打架（OR = 2.481，P = 0.000）和当前饮酒（OR = 4.060，P = 0.000），保护因素为学业成绩（中等OR = 0.699，P = 0.026，中等以上或良好OR = 0.437，P = 0.000）。当前饮酒的危险因素为男生（OR = 1.829，P = 0.000）、失眠（偶尔或有时OR = 1.550，P = 0.002，经常或总是OR = 1.754，P = 0.004）、网络成瘾（OR = 1.901，P = 0.004）、打架（OR = 1.785，P = 0.000）和当前吸烟（OR = 4.016，P = 0.000）。自杀意念的危险因素为孤独（偶尔或有时OR = 1.823，P = 0.010，经常或总是OR = 4.445，P = 0.000）、抑郁（OR = 3.226，P = 0.000）和独生子女（OR = 1.612，P = 0.003），保护因素为男生（OR = 0.648，P = 0.000）。网络成瘾的危险因素为男生（OR = 2.480，P = 0.000）、抑郁（OR = 2.650，P = 0.000）和主要玩游戏（OR = 4.631，P = 0.000）。缺乏体育锻炼的危险因素为高中生（OR = 1.536，P = 0.000）和抑郁（OR = 1.410，P = 0.003），保护因素为男生（OR = 0.581，P = 0.000）和学业成绩（中等OR = 0.798，P = 0.036，中等以上或良好OR = 0.609，P = 0.000）。
土家族和苗族男生更容易出现吸烟和饮酒行为，而女生则容易出现饮食偏好、自杀意念和缺乏体育锻炼行为。苗族学生是吸烟和饮酒行为的高危人群。失眠和抑郁成为多种健康危险行为的危险因素。
