Zhang Fulan, Zhang Tiancheng, Xiong Jingmei, Chen Jing
Physical Education Institute of Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2017 Sep;46(5):767-771.
To investigate the gender differences in cluster pattern of health risk behaviors among rural middle school students in Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi.
By the method of layered, random and total sampling, questionnaire survey about dietary bias, smoking, alcohol drinking, suicidal ideation, internet addiction and non-secure swimming was taken to 1974 students of eight middle schools from rural areas in four counties of Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi, Hunan Province in 2014. In 11 kinds of health risk behaviors as the clustering index, first by using the hierarchical clusteringmethod for male and female students were clusteranalysis, determine the optimal cluster number of male and female students were 4 class, then the two step cluster analysis, get the male and female students in 4 types of dangerous behavior clustering patterns of group characteristics.
Among the survey of 896 boys and 1078 girls, the boys in the low risk group were composed of 262 people, the ratio was 29. 2%, the girls were composed of 215 people, the ratio was 19. 9%; the boys in the lower risk group were composed of 268 people, the ratio was 29. 9%, the girls were composed of 365 people, the ratio was 33. 9%; the boys with highest incidence of drinking in the moderate risk group were composed of 217 people, the ratio was 24. 2%, the girls with highest incidence of lonely were composed of 264 people, the ratio was24. 5%; the boys in the highest risk group were composed of 149 people, the ratio was16. 6%, the girls were composed of 234 people, the ratio was 21. 7%. In the moderate risk group, boys with highest incidence of drinking( 97. 7%) were always accompanied with behaviors like smoking( 67. 3%), fighting( 63. 6%), non-secure swimming( 66. 4%); girls with highest incidence of lonely( 45. 1%) in the moderate risk group also had behaviors like partial eclipse( 65. 2%), pedestrian violation( 50. 4%) and the like. The total boys and 92. 7% of girls have more than 4 kinds of health-risk behaviors in highest risk group.
There were gender differences in risk behaviors among middle school students in rural areas of Xiangxi Autonomous Perfecture. Among them, the boys in moderate risk group were marked by drinking, the girls were marked by lonely. The highest risk group had a high rate of risky behaviors, showing a high degree of aggregation of "explicit problem behaviors and implicit behaviors".
探讨湘西土家族苗族自治州农村中学生健康风险行为聚集模式的性别差异。
采用分层、随机、整群抽样方法，于2014年对湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州4个县农村地区8所中学的1974名学生进行关于饮食偏好、吸烟、饮酒、自杀意念、网络成瘾和不安全游泳的问卷调查。以11种健康风险行为作为聚类指标，先采用系统聚类法对男女生分别进行聚类分析，确定男女生的最优聚类数均为4类，再进行两步聚类分析，得出男女生4种危险行为聚类模式的群体特征。
在调查的896名男生和1078名女生中，低风险组男生由262人组成，占比29.2%，女生由215人组成，占比19.9%；较低风险组男生由268人组成，占比29.9%，女生由365人组成，占比33.9%；中度风险组中饮酒发生率最高的男生由217人组成，占比24.2%，孤独发生率最高的女生由264人组成，占比24.5%；高风险组男生由149人组成，占比16.6%，女生由234人组成，占比21.7%。在中度风险组中，饮酒发生率最高的男生（97.7%）常伴有吸烟（67.3%）、打架（63.6%）、不安全游泳（66.4%）等行为；孤独发生率最高的女生（45.1%）在中度风险组中也有偏食（65.2%）、行人违规（50.4%）等行为。高风险组中，男生全部及92.7%的女生有4种以上健康风险行为。
湘西自治州农村中学生风险行为存在性别差异。其中，中度风险组男生以饮酒为特征，女生以孤独为特征。高风险组危险行为发生率高，呈现“显性问题行为与隐性行为”的高度聚集性。
