癌症中的微小RNA生物合成途径。
MicroRNA biogenesis pathways in cancer.
作者信息
Lin Shuibin, Gregory Richard I
机构信息
1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
1] Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [3] Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Cancer. 2015 Jun;15(6):321-33. doi: 10.1038/nrc3932.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression. Amplification and overexpression of individual 'oncomiRs' or genetic loss of tumour suppressor miRNAs are associated with human cancer and are sufficient to drive tumorigenesis in mouse models. Furthermore, global miRNA depletion caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations in components of the miRNA biogenesis machinery is oncogenic. This, together with the recent identification of novel miRNA regulatory factors and pathways, highlights the importance of miRNA dysregulation in cancer.
微小RNA（miRNA）是基因表达的关键调节因子。单个“致癌miRNA”的扩增和过表达或肿瘤抑制性miRNA的基因缺失与人类癌症相关，并且足以在小鼠模型中驱动肿瘤发生。此外，miRNA生物合成机制成分的遗传和表观遗传改变导致的整体miRNA耗竭具有致癌性。这一点，连同最近对新型miRNA调节因子和途径的鉴定，突出了miRNA失调在癌症中的重要性。
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