Hale T Sigi, Wiley Joshua F, Smalley Susan L, Tung Kelly L, Kaminsky Olivia, McGough James J, Jaini Ashwin M, Loo Sandra K
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA , USA.
Front Psychiatry. 2015 May 7;6:63. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00063. eCollection 2015.
We previously hypothesized that poor task-directed sensory information processing should be indexed by increased weighting of right hemisphere (RH) biased attention and visuo-perceptual brain functions during task operations and have demonstrated this phenotype in ADHD across multiple studies, using multiple methodologies. However, in our recent distributed effects model of ADHD, we surmised that this phenotype is not ADHD specific, but rather more broadly reflective of any circumstance that disrupts the induction and maintenance of an emergent task-directed neural architecture. Under this view, increased weighting of RH-biased attention and visuo-perceptual brain functions is expected to generally index neurocognitive sets that are not optimized for task-directed thought and action, and when durable expressed, liability for ADHD.
The current study tested this view by examining whether previously identified rightward parietal EEG asymmetry in ADHD was associated with common ADHD characteristics and comorbidities [i.e., ADHD risk factors (RFs)].
Barring one exception (non-right handedness), we found that it was. Rightward parietal asymmetry (RPA) was associated with carrying the DRD4-7R risk allele, being male, having mood disorder, and having anxiety disorder. However, differences in the specific expression of RPA were observed, which are discussed in relation to possible unique mechanisms underlying ADHD liability in different ADHD RFs.
Rightward parietal asymmetry appears to be a durable feature of ADHD liability, as predicted by the Distributed Effects Perspective Model of ADHD. Moreover, variability in the expression of this phenotype may shed light on different sources of ADHD liability.
我们之前曾假设，在任务操作过程中，右半球（RH）偏向性注意力和视觉感知脑功能的权重增加应可作为任务导向性感觉信息处理不佳的指标，并且我们已经通过多种方法在多项研究中证实了多动症患者存在这种表型。然而，在我们最近的多动症分布式效应模型中，我们推测这种表型并非多动症所特有，而是更广泛地反映了任何干扰新兴任务导向性神经结构的诱导和维持的情况。按照这种观点，RH偏向性注意力和视觉感知脑功能的权重增加通常应可作为未针对任务导向性思维和行动进行优化的神经认知集的指标，并且当这种情况持续存在时，就表明有多动症的倾向。
本研究通过检查多动症患者先前确定的右侧顶叶脑电图不对称性是否与常见的多动症特征和共病情况[即多动症风险因素（RFs）]相关，来验证这一观点。
除了一个例外（非右利手），我们发现情况确实如此。右侧顶叶不对称（RPA）与携带DRD4 - 7R风险等位基因、男性、患有情绪障碍和焦虑症有关。然而，我们观察到RPA的具体表达存在差异，并结合不同多动症RFs中多动症倾向可能存在的独特机制进行了讨论。
正如多动症分布式效应视角模型所预测的那样，右侧顶叶不对称似乎是多动症倾向的一个持久特征。此外，这种表型表达的变异性可能有助于揭示多动症倾向的不同来源。
