Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child & Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2015 Sep;49(17):1094-9. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094372. Epub 2015 May 25.
Rock climbing is an increasingly popular sport worldwide, as a recreational activity and a competitive sport. Several disciplines including sport climbing and bouldering have developed, each employing specific movements and techniques, leading to specific injuries.
To examine risk factors and prevention measures for injury in sport climbing and bouldering, and to assess the methodological quality of existing studies.
12 electronic databases and several other sources were searched systematically using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eligible articles were peer-reviewed, based on primary research using original data; outcome measures included injury, morbidity or mortality in rock climbing, and included one or more potential risk factor or injury prevention strategy. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodology of research in each study using the Downs and Black Quality Index. The data extracted is summarised, and appraisals of the articles are presented with respect to the quality of evidence presented.
19 studies met the inclusion criteria, and introduced 35 possible risk factors or injury prevention measures in climbing. Age, increasing years of climbing experience, highest climbing grade achieved (skill level), high climbing intensity score (CIS) and participating in lead climbing are potential risk factors. Results regarding injury prevention measures remain inconclusive.
This field is relatively new and, as such, the data are not as robust as for more established sports with a larger research foundation. The key need is establishing modifiable risk factors using prospective studies and high quality methodology, such that injury prevention strategies can be developed. The CIS may be a useful measure in this field of research.
攀岩作为一项娱乐活动和竞技运动，在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。出现了几种不同的分支，包括运动攀岩和抱石攀岩，每个分支都有其特定的动作和技术，导致了特定的损伤。
研究运动攀岩和抱石攀岩损伤的危险因素和预防措施，并评估现有研究的方法学质量。
系统地检索了 12 个电子数据库和其他几个来源，使用预定的纳入和排除标准。合格的文章是基于使用原始数据的同行评审的主要研究；结果测量包括攀岩中的伤害、发病率或死亡率，并包括一个或多个潜在的危险因素或伤害预防策略。两名独立的审查员使用 Downs 和 Black 质量指数评估了每个研究的研究方法。提取的数据进行了总结，并根据呈现的证据质量对文章进行了评估。
19 项研究符合纳入标准，提出了 35 种可能的危险因素或攀岩损伤预防措施。年龄、攀岩经验的增加、达到的最高攀岩等级（技能水平）、高攀岩强度评分（CIS）和参与顶绳攀登是潜在的危险因素。关于损伤预防措施的结果仍不确定。
这个领域相对较新，因此数据不如更成熟的、有更大研究基础的运动那样可靠。关键是需要使用前瞻性研究和高质量的方法学来确定可改变的危险因素，以便制定损伤预防策略。CIS 可能是该研究领域的一个有用的测量指标。
