Wendt-Hornickle Erin, Snyder Lindsey B C
Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2016 Jan;43(1):86-90. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12273. Epub 2015 May 25.
To evaluate and compare the time to extubation in two commonly used methods of analgesia in dogs undergoing elective pelvic limb orthopedic procedures.
Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical study.
Twenty-five adult, client-owned, healthy dogs aged 4.4 ± 1.6 years and weighing 38.5 ±3.5 kg.
All dogs were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (5-10 μg kg(-1)) intramuscularly (IM) and anesthesia was induced with propofol (2-6 mg kg(-1)) intravenously (IV). Atipamazole (0.05-0.1 mg kg(-1)) was administered IM after instrumentation. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dogs were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In one group, morphine (0.1 mg kg(-1)) and lidocaine (2% lidocaine added to a total volume of 0.2 mL kg(-1)) were administered epidurally and a saline placebo constant rate infusion (CRI) was administered IV (group EPI). In the other group (group MLK), morphine (4 μg kg(-1) minute(-1)), lidocaine (50 μg kg(-1) minute(-1)) and ketamine (10 μg kg(-1) minute(-1)) were administered as an IV CRI and a saline placebo was administered by epidural injection. Temperature at the discontinuation of isoflurane, temperature at extubation, time to extubation, duration of inhalation anesthesia and duration of surgery were recorded.
No significant differences between the groups were found in time to extubation, temperature at the end of surgery, temperature at extubation and total surgical time. Total anesthesia time was significantly longer in group EPI.
Administration of MLK at the doses reported in this study did not prolong the time to extubation in comparison with a morphine-lidocaine epidural nerve block. The results indicate that concern over prolonging the time to extubation is not a reason to avoid the administration of MLK.
评估并比较两种常用镇痛方法用于择期骨盆四肢骨科手术犬时的拔管时间。
前瞻性、随机、双盲临床研究。
25只成年、客户所有的健康犬，年龄4.4±1.6岁，体重38.5±3.5千克。
所有犬均肌肉注射右美托咪定（5 - 10微克/千克）进行术前用药，静脉注射丙泊酚（2 - 6毫克/千克）诱导麻醉。器械操作后肌肉注射阿替美唑（0.05 - 0.1毫克/千克）。用异氟烷在氧气中维持麻醉。犬被随机分为两组。一组硬膜外给予吗啡（0.1毫克/千克）和利多卡因（将2%利多卡因加入至总量0.2毫升/千克），静脉给予生理盐水安慰剂持续输注（CRI）（硬膜外组）。另一组（MLK组）静脉持续输注吗啡（4微克/千克·分钟）、利多卡因（50微克/千克·分钟）和氯胺酮（10微克/千克·分钟），硬膜外注射生理盐水安慰剂。记录异氟烷停用温度、拔管温度、拔管时间、吸入麻醉持续时间和手术持续时间。
两组在拔管时间、手术结束时温度、拔管温度和总手术时间方面未发现显著差异。硬膜外组的总麻醉时间显著更长。
与吗啡 - 利多卡因硬膜外神经阻滞相比，本研究中报道剂量的MLK给药并未延长拔管时间。结果表明，对延长拔管时间的担忧并非避免给予MLK的理由。
