Daga Aditi, Ansari Afzal, Patel Shanaya, Mirza Sheefa, Rawal Rakesh, Umrania Valentina
Department of Microbiology, MVM Science College, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(10):4147-56. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.10.4147.
Lung cancer is a serious health problem and leading cause of death worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality. More than 80% of lung cancers feature a non-small cell histology. Over few decades, systemic chemotherapy and surgery are the only treatment options in this type of tumor but due to their limited efficacy and overall poor survival of patients, there is an urge to develop newer therapeutic strategies which circumvent the problems. Enhanced knowledge of translational science and molecular biology have revealed that lung tumors carry diverse driver gene mutations and adopt different intracellular pathways leading to carcinogenesis. Hence, the development of targeted agents against molecular subgroups harboring critical mutations is an attractive approach for therapeutic treatment. Targeted therapies are clearly more preferred nowadays over systemic therapies because they target tumor specific molecules resulting with enhanced activity and reduced toxicity to normal tissues. Thus, this review encompasses comprehensive updates on targeted therapies for the driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the potential challenges of acquired drug resistance faced in the field of targeted therapy along with the imminent newer treatment modalities against lung cancer.
肺癌是一个严重的健康问题，由于其高发病率和死亡率，它是全球主要的死亡原因。超过80%的肺癌具有非小细胞组织学特征。在过去几十年里，全身化疗和手术是这类肿瘤仅有的治疗选择，但由于它们疗效有限且患者总体生存率低，迫切需要开发能规避这些问题的新治疗策略。对转化科学和分子生物学认识的增强表明，肺肿瘤携带多种驱动基因突变，并采用不同的细胞内途径导致癌变。因此，针对携带关键突变的分子亚群开发靶向药物是一种有吸引力的治疗方法。如今，靶向治疗显然比全身治疗更受青睐，因为它们针对肿瘤特异性分子，从而增强活性并降低对正常组织的毒性。因此，本综述全面更新了非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）驱动基因突变的靶向治疗，以及靶向治疗领域面临的获得性耐药的潜在挑战，以及即将出现的针对肺癌的新治疗模式。
