Stins John F, Emck Claudia, de Vries Else M, Doop Siebe, Beek Peter J
MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Gait Posture. 2015 Jul;42(2):199-203. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 May 21.
Postural control is known to depend on sensory and cognitive factors. Little is known about how children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) regulate static balance, and to what extent vision and cognition contribute to the regulation of balance in this group. We compared a group of children with mild ASD and a group of age- and gender-matched controls on various postural tasks, standing on a Wii Balance Board. We tested a sensory disturbance (closing the eyes) and a cognitive disturbance (word memorization) on the control of quiet standing. Analysis of center-of-pressure excursions revealed moderate effects of cognitive load, but clear effects of vision. We found a greater destabilizing effect of closing the eyes (greater postural excursions in the medio-lateral direction) for the ASD group than for controls. No group differences were found on word recall and on a standardized balance test (Movement Assessment Battery for Children; M-ABC2). We suggest that the postural effects reflect tighter coupling between vision and motor adjustments in ASD than in controls, which is consistent with recent suggestions of greater reliance on vision in this group.
已知姿势控制取决于感觉和认知因素。对于自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童如何调节静态平衡，以及视觉和认知在该群体平衡调节中所起的作用程度，人们了解甚少。我们让一组患有轻度ASD的儿童和一组年龄及性别匹配的对照组儿童在Wii平衡板上进行各种姿势任务，以此进行比较。我们测试了感觉干扰（闭眼）和认知干扰（单词记忆）对安静站立控制的影响。对压力中心偏移的分析显示出认知负荷的中度影响，但视觉的影响明显。我们发现，与对照组相比，闭眼对ASD组产生了更大的破坏稳定作用（在中侧方向上有更大的姿势偏移）。在单词回忆和标准化平衡测试（儿童运动评估量表；M-ABC2）方面未发现组间差异。我们认为，姿势效应反映出与对照组相比，ASD患者的视觉与运动调整之间的耦合更紧密，这与近期关于该群体对视觉依赖更大的观点一致。
