Li Haixia, Zhang Ruiyun
School of Sport Management, Shandong Sport University, Lichen District, Jinan city, 250102, Shandong, China.
School of Sport Art, Shandong Sport University, Lichen District, Jinan city, 250102, Shandong, China.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Apr 11;17(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01142-1.
This study primarily evaluated the the effects of exercise intervention on balance and executive function in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Search for eligible studies through four databases, and then proceed with screening. The inclusion criteria are as follows: (1) Children with ASD; (2) Age 3-18 years; (3) Randomised Controlled Trial; (4) The intervention group received exercise training; (5) Conducted pre- and post-test, which include balance and executive function. Use the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to evaluate the quality of the selected study. Select Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) as the appropriate effect scale index.
Twelve of the selected articles involved 288 males and 108 females. The findings demonstrated that the exercise group (EG) benefited more from the improved balance than its control group (CG) counterpart [SMD = 0.86 (0.56, 1.16), p < 0.05, I = 37%]. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that exercise interventions lasting over eight weeks significantly enhanced balance [SMD = 1.19 (0.79, 1.58), p < 0.05, I = 17%]. However, exercise interventions lasting less than or equal to 8 weeks did not have a significant impact on balance [SMD = 0.41 (- 0.06, 0.87), p = 0.09, I = 0%].
Exercise interventions can better improve the balance and behavioural inhibition of children with ASD compared to CG. Nevertheless, physical training prescribed for more than eight weeks led to a more significant improvement in balance than interventions performed for shorter periods.
本研究主要评估运动干预对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童平衡能力和执行功能的影响。
通过四个数据库检索符合条件的研究，然后进行筛选。纳入标准如下：（1）ASD儿童；（2）年龄3至18岁；（3）随机对照试验；（4）干预组接受运动训练；（5）进行前后测试，包括平衡能力和执行功能。使用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估所选研究的质量。选择标准化均数差（SMD）作为合适的效应量指标。
所选的12篇文章涉及288名男性和108名女性。研究结果表明，运动组（EG）在平衡能力改善方面比对照组（CG）受益更多[SMD = 0.86（0.56，1.16），p < 0.05，I = 37%]。此外，亚组分析显示，持续超过八周的运动干预显著增强了平衡能力[SMD = 1.19（0.79，1.58），p < 0.05，I = 17%]。然而，持续时间小于或等于8周的运动干预对平衡能力没有显著影响[SMD = 0.41（-0.06，0.87），p = 0.09，I = 0%]。
与对照组相比，运动干预能更好地改善ASD儿童的平衡能力和行为抑制能力。然而，规定进行八周以上的体育训练比短期干预在平衡能力改善方面更显著。
