Trevelyan Andrew J, Muldoon Sarah F, Merricks Edward M, Racca Claudia, Staley Kevin J
*Institute of Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; †Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.; ‡US Army Research Laboratory, Maryland, U.S.A.; and §Neurology Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2015 Jun;32(3):227-34. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000160.
Inhibition plays many roles in cortical circuits, including coordination of network activity in different brain rhythms and neuronal clusters, gating of activity, gain control, and dictating the manner in which activity flows through the network. This latter is particularly relevant to epileptic states, when extreme hypersynchronous discharges can spread across cortical territories. We review these different physiological and pathological roles and discuss how inhibition can be compromised and why this predisposes the network to seizures.
抑制在皮质回路中发挥着多种作用，包括协调不同脑节律和神经元簇中的网络活动、活动的门控、增益控制以及决定活动在网络中的流动方式。后者在癫痫状态下尤为重要，此时极端的超同步放电可在皮质区域扩散。我们回顾了这些不同的生理和病理作用，并讨论了抑制作用是如何受到损害的，以及为什么这会使网络易患癫痫。
