Philip Susan, Manias Elizabeth, Woodward-Kron Robyn
Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2015 Sep;24(17-18):2628-37. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12879. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
To understand the intercultural communication experiences and associated communication training needs of overseas qualified nurses in the Australian healthcare system from the unique perspectives of nurse educators teaching in accredited bridging programmes.
Overseas qualified nurses are an integral part of the nursing workforce in migration destination countries. Communication training needs are more complex when there are cultural, ethnic and language differences between nurses, other health professionals and patients.
A qualitative, exploratory research design using semi-structured interviews.
All (nine) organisations involved in conducting the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency approved preregistration bridging programmes for overseas qualified nurses within the state of Victoria, Australia, were involved in the study. Participants were 12 nurse educators employed in these organisations. Thematic analysis was undertaken.
Three macro themes emerged about the overseas qualified nurses' intercultural communication: (1) pre-existing barriers and enablers to intercultural communication, for example, nurses' reluctance to engage in communicative strategies that build rapport with patients, (2) transitional behaviours and impact on communication, including maintenance of perceived cultural hierarchies between health professionals and (3) development of communicative competence, including expanding one's repertoire of conversational gambits.
The findings point to the domains and causes of communication challenges facing overseas qualified nurses in new healthcare settings as well as strategies that the nurse educators and nurses can adopt. Communication cannot be merely regarded as a skill that can be taught in a didactic programme. Comprehensive understanding is needed about the sociocultural dimensions of these nurses' orientation, which can impact on how they communicate in their new healthcare settings.
The findings can act as triggers for discussion with overseas qualified nurses and other health professionals to raise awareness about the aspects of intercultural communication and to debate alternative viewpoints and explanations. They can also inform changes in the structure and content of the bridging programmes.
从在认可的衔接课程中授课的护士教育工作者的独特视角，了解澳大利亚医疗系统中海外合格护士的跨文化交流经历及相关交流培训需求。
海外合格护士是移民目的地国家护理劳动力的重要组成部分。当护士、其他医护专业人员与患者之间存在文化、种族和语言差异时，交流培训需求会更加复杂。
采用半结构化访谈的定性探索性研究设计。
参与澳大利亚健康从业者监管局批准的、为澳大利亚维多利亚州海外合格护士开展预注册衔接课程的所有（九个）组织都参与了该研究。参与者是受雇于这些组织的12名护士教育工作者。进行了主题分析。
出现了关于海外合格护士跨文化交流的三个宏观主题：（1）跨文化交流先前存在的障碍和促进因素，例如护士不愿采用与患者建立融洽关系的交流策略；（2）过渡行为及其对交流的影响，包括医护专业人员之间维持感知到的文化等级制度；（3）交流能力的发展，包括增加谈话策略储备。
研究结果指出了新医疗环境中海外合格护士面临的交流挑战的领域和原因，以及护士教育工作者和护士可以采用的策略。交流不能仅仅被视为一种可以在讲授式课程中教授的技能。需要全面了解这些护士定位的社会文化层面，这可能会影响她们在新医疗环境中的交流方式。
研究结果可引发与海外合格护士及其他医护专业人员的讨论，以提高对跨文化交流各方面的认识，并辩论不同观点和解释。它们还可为衔接课程的结构和内容变化提供参考。
