Monash Water for Liveability, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
Monash Water for Liveability, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
Water Res. 2015 Sep 15;81:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.043. Epub 2015 May 22.
Real time monitoring of suitable surrogate parameters are critical to the validation of any water treatment processes, and is of particularly high importance for validation of natural stormwater treatment systems. In this study, potential surrogates for herbicide removal in stormwater biofilters (also known as stormwater bio-retention or rain-gardens) were assessed using field challenge tests and matched laboratory column experiments. Differential UV absorbance at 254mn (ΔUVA254), total phosphorus (ΔTP), dissolved phosphorus (ΔDP), total nitrogen (ΔTN), ammonia (ΔNH3), nitrate and nitrite (ΔNO3+NO2), dissolved organic carbon (ΔDOC) and total suspended solids (ΔTSS) were compared with glyphosate, atrazine, simazine and prometryn removal rates. The influence of different challenge conditions on the performance of each surrogate was studied. Differential TP was significantly and linearly related to glyphosate reduction (R(2) = 0.75-0.98, P < 0.01), while ΔTP and ΔUVA254 were linearly correlated (R(2) = 0.44-0.84, P < 0.05) to the reduction of triazines (atrazine, simazine and prometryn) in both field and laboratory tests. The performance of ΔTP and ΔUVA254 as surrogates for herbicides were reliable under normal and challenge dry conditions, but weaker correlations were observed under challenge wet conditions. Of those tested, ΔTP is the most promising surrogate for glyphosate removal and ΔUVA254 is a suitable surrogate for triazines removal in stormwater biofilters.
实时监测合适的替代参数对于验证任何水处理工艺都是至关重要的，对于验证自然雨水处理系统尤其重要。在这项研究中，使用野外挑战试验和匹配的实验室柱实验评估了雨水生物过滤器（也称为雨水生物滞留或雨水花园）中去除除草剂的潜在替代物。254nm 处的差分紫外吸光度（ΔUVA254）、总磷（ΔTP）、溶解磷（ΔDP）、总氮（ΔTN）、氨（ΔNH3）、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐（ΔNO3+NO2）、溶解有机碳（ΔDOC）和总悬浮固体（ΔTSS）与草甘膦、莠去津、西玛津和普草津的去除率进行了比较。研究了不同挑战条件对每种替代物性能的影响。差分 TP 与草甘膦的去除率呈显著线性相关（R2=0.75-0.98，P<0.01），而 ΔTP 和 ΔUVA254 与三嗪（莠去津、西玛津和普草津）的去除率呈线性相关（R2=0.44-0.84，P<0.05）在野外和实验室试验中。在正常和挑战干燥条件下，ΔTP 和 ΔUVA254 作为除草剂替代物的性能可靠，但在挑战湿润条件下，相关性减弱。在测试的替代物中，ΔTP 是去除草甘膦最有前途的替代物，而 ΔUVA254 是雨水生物过滤器中去除三嗪的合适替代物。
