C.A. Wham, Massey University, Institute of Food Nutrition and Human Health Auckland, New Zealand,
J Nutr Health Aging. 2015 Jun;19(6):637-45. doi: 10.1007/s12603-015-0514-z.
To establish the prevalence of high nutrition risk and associated health and social risk factors for New Zealand Māori and non-Māori in advanced age.
A cross sectional analysis of inception cohorts to LiLACS NZ.
Bay of Plenty and Lakes region of the North Island, New Zealand.
255 Māori and 400 non- Māori octogenarians.
Nutrition risk was assessed using a validated questionnaire Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition (SCREEN II). Demographic, social, physical and health characteristics were established using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed with the SF-12, depressive symptoms using the GDS-15.
Half (49%) of Māori and 38% of non-Māori participants were at high nutrition risk (SCREEN II score <49). Independent risk factors were for Māori younger age (p=0.04), lower education (p=0.03), living alone (p<0.001), depressive symptoms (p=0.01). For non- Māori high nutrition risk was associated with female gender (p=0.005), living alone (p=0.002), a lower physical health related quality of life (p=0.02) and depressive symptoms (p=0.002).
Traditional risk factors apply to both Māori and non-Māori whilst education as indicative of low socioeconomic status is an additional risk factor for Māori. High nutrition risk impacts health related quality of life for non-Māori. Interventions which socially facilitate eating are especially important for women and for Māori to maintain cultural practices and could be initiated by routine screening.
确定新西兰毛利人和非毛利人高龄人群的高营养风险流行情况及其与健康和社会风险因素的关系。
对 LiLACS NZ 的发病队列进行横断面分析。
新西兰北岛丰盛湾和湖泊地区。
255 名毛利人和 400 名非毛利人 80 岁以上老年人。
使用经过验证的社区老年人：营养评估问卷（SCREEN II）评估营养风险。使用访谈者管理的问卷确定人口统计学、社会、身体和健康特征。使用 SF-12 评估健康相关生活质量（HRQOL），使用 GDS-15 评估抑郁症状。
一半（49%）的毛利人和 38%的非毛利人参与者存在高营养风险（SCREEN II 评分<49）。毛利人独立的风险因素为年龄较小（p=0.04）、教育程度较低（p=0.03）、独居（p<0.001）、抑郁症状（p=0.01）。对于非毛利人，高营养风险与女性（p=0.005）、独居（p=0.002）、较低的身体健康相关生活质量（p=0.02）和抑郁症状（p=0.002）有关。
传统的风险因素适用于毛利人和非毛利人，而教育作为低社会经济地位的指标是毛利人的另一个风险因素。高营养风险会影响非毛利人的健康相关生活质量。促进社交进食的干预措施对女性和毛利人尤为重要，以维持文化习俗，可以通过常规筛查来启动。
