Tolnai Z, Sréter-Lancz Z, Sréter T
Laboratory of Parasitology, Fish and Bee Diseases, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1143 Budapest, Tábornok u. 2, Hungary.
Laboratory of Microbiology, Food and Feed Safety Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, H-1091 Budapest, Mester u. 81, Hungary.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015 Jul;6(5):645-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.05.009. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
In recent years, Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus were reported from Hungary. The aim of the present study was to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of pathogens transmitted by R. sanguineus in a sentinel species, red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Hungary and to analyse the relationship of these patterns with landscape and climate by geographical information systems. Fox carcasses, representing 0.5% of the total fox population were randomly selected out of all the foxes of Hungary. The spleen samples of the animals were tested by real-time PCR for Anaplasma platys, Babesia vogeli, E. canis and H. canis infection. Positive results were confirmed by conventional PCR followed by sequencing. The prevalence of H. canis infection was 22.2% (95% CI=18.4-26.4%), and this parasite was detected in all areas including the mountain regions of Hungary. These findings indicate that other tick species or other transmission routes (oral and transplacental) might be in the background of the countrywide distribution of H. canis. Anaplasma platys was not found; nevertheless, the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection transmitted by Ixodes ricinus was 12.5% (95% CI=9.7-16.1%) in foxes. B. vogeli and E. canis infection was not detected. There was no correlation between environmental parameter values in the home range of foxes and A. phagocytophilum or H. canis infection, which is in line with that observed in the case of tick species infesting foxes in Hungary. The results of this study indicate that R. sanguineus, if present, might be rare in Hungary. Our baseline study can be used for future evaluation of the effect of climate change on the spreading and emergence of R. sanguineus transmitted pathogens in Hungary.
近年来，匈牙利报告了由血红扇头蜱传播的犬埃立克体和犬肝簇虫。本研究的目的是揭示血红扇头蜱传播的病原体在匈牙利哨兵物种赤狐（赤狐）中的空间分布模式，并通过地理信息系统分析这些模式与景观和气候的关系。从匈牙利所有狐狸中随机挑选出占狐狸总数0.5%的狐狸尸体。通过实时PCR检测动物脾脏样本是否感染血小板无形体、伯氏巴贝斯虫、犬埃立克体和犬肝簇虫。阳性结果通过常规PCR及测序进行确认。犬肝簇虫感染率为22.2%（95%置信区间=18.4-26.4%），在匈牙利包括山区在内的所有地区均检测到这种寄生虫。这些发现表明，其他蜱种或其他传播途径（经口和经胎盘）可能是犬肝簇虫在全国范围内分布的原因。未发现血小板无形体；然而，由蓖麻硬蜱传播的嗜吞噬细胞无形体感染率在狐狸中为12.5%（95%置信区间=9.7-16.1%）。未检测到伯氏巴贝斯虫和犬埃立克体感染。狐狸活动范围内的环境参数值与嗜吞噬细胞无形体或犬肝簇虫感染之间没有相关性，这与在匈牙利感染狐狸的蜱种情况一致。本研究结果表明，血红扇头蜱（如果存在）在匈牙利可能很罕见。我们的基线研究可用于未来评估气候变化对匈牙利血红扇头蜱传播病原体传播和出现的影响。
