Ahmad Muhammad Zishan, Khan Ahrar, Javed M Tariq, Hussain Iftikhar
Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2015 Jul;122:50-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.024. Epub 2014 Dec 31.
The present study aimed to investigate the deleterious effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in experimentally exposed broiler birds. The experiment was carried out on one day old (n = 120) broiler chicks. The CPF was reconstituted in corn oil as vehicle (1 ml/kg) to obtain a final concentration of a single dose to the birds 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) for fourteen days of the experiment through the stomach tube. The control group was given corn oil 1 ml/kg only. Birds exposed to high dose (20 mg/kg BW) showed signs of toxicity (salivation, lacrimation, gasping, convulsions, frequent defecation and tremors). The birds exposed to 10 and 20 mg/kg showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased body weight. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased hematological parameters i.e. total erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and total leukocyte were observed in the high dosed group as compared to control and other low dosed fed birds. Serum protein and albumin showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in high dosed CPF fed birds. Non significant results were observed in the case of globulin. The acetylcholinestrease (AChE) activity was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased in blood, serum and plasma in CPF fed birds compared to control birds. In CPF fed birds as compared to control birds we found significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Necrotic and degenerative changes were observed on histopathological investigations of spleen, kidneys, bursa of Fabricius, thymus and brain tissues in CPF exposed birds. In conclusion the chlorpyrifos induced toxicopathological effects on health biomarkers of broiler chicks.
本研究旨在调查毒死蜱（CPF）对实验性暴露的肉鸡的有害影响。实验在1日龄（n = 120）的肉鸡雏鸡上进行。将CPF在玉米油中复溶作为载体（1毫升/千克），通过胃管对鸡进行为期14天的实验，使鸡单剂量摄入最终浓度为5、10和20毫克/千克体重（BW）的CPF。对照组仅给予1毫升/千克的玉米油。暴露于高剂量（20毫克/千克BW）的鸡表现出中毒症状（流涎、流泪、喘息、抽搐、频繁排便和震颤）。暴露于10和20毫克/千克的鸡体重显著（P≤0.05）下降。与对照组和其他低剂量喂食的鸡相比，高剂量组的血液学参数即总红细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、血细胞比容和总白细胞显著（P≤0.05）降低。喂食高剂量CPF的鸡血清蛋白和白蛋白显著（P≤0.05）增加。球蛋白方面未观察到显著结果。与对照鸡相比，喂食CPF的鸡血液、血清和血浆中的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性显著（P≤0.05）降低。与对照鸡相比，我们发现喂食CPF的鸡血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平显著（P≤0.05）升高。在对暴露于CPF的鸡的脾脏、肾脏、法氏囊、胸腺和脑组织进行组织病理学检查时，观察到坏死和退行性变化。总之，毒死蜱对肉鸡雏鸡的健康生物标志物产生了毒理病理学影响。
