Mikuz Gregor
Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol. 2015 Feb;37(1):39-47.
Apart from the typical acinar morphology observed in more than 90% of prostatic adenocarcinomas, a spectrum of morphological variants and prostate cancer subtypes exists. Two nosologically different groups can be distinguished: the variants of conventional acinar cancer and cancers with histological pattern, which are unusual for the prostate. Variants of conventional prostate cancer (pseudohyperplastic, foamy gland, hypernephroid, atrophic, microcystic, with Paneth cell-like changes, with collagenous micronodules, with glomeruloid formations, oncocytic) do not have any known prognostic significance and are graded according to the Gleason system. Unusual cancer types (ductal carcinoma, mucinous [colloid] carcinoma, mucinous signet ring cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma and carcinosarcoma, pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma, squamous and adenosquamous carcinoma, basal cell and adenoid cystic carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, primary urothelial carcinoma of the prostate) have mostly a very poor prognosis and are therefore real nosological entities.
除了在90%以上的前列腺腺癌中观察到的典型腺泡形态外，还存在一系列形态学变异和前列腺癌亚型。可以区分出两个病因学上不同的组：传统腺泡癌的变异型和具有前列腺不常见组织学模式的癌症。传统前列腺癌的变异型（假增生性、泡沫状腺、肾上腺样、萎缩性、微囊性、具有潘氏细胞样改变、具有胶原微结节、具有肾小球样结构、嗜酸性细胞性）没有任何已知的预后意义，并且根据Gleason系统分级。不常见的癌症类型（导管癌、黏液性[胶样]癌、黏液性印戒细胞癌、小细胞癌、肉瘤样癌和癌肉瘤、多形性巨细胞癌、鳞状和腺鳞癌、基底细胞和腺样囊性癌、淋巴上皮瘤样癌、前列腺原发性尿路上皮癌）大多预后很差，因此是真正的病种实体。
