Stutz Aaron Jonas, Shea John J, Rech Jason A, Pigati Jeffrey S, Wilson Jim, Belmaker Miriam, Albert Rosa Maria, Arpin Trina, Cabanes Dan, Clark Jamie L, Hartman Gideon, Hourani Fuad, White Chantel E, Nilsson Stutz Liv
Department of Anthropology, Oxford College of Emory University, 810 Whatcoat St., Oxford, GA, 30054, USA; Department of Anthropology, Emory University, 207 Anthropology Building, 1557 Dickey Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Anthropology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-4364, USA.
J Hum Evol. 2015 Aug;85:157-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.04.008. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
Methodological developments and new paleoanthropological data remain jointly central to clarifying the timing and systemic interrelationships between the Middle-Upper Paleolithic (MP-UP) archaeological transition and the broadly contemporaneous anatomically modern human-archaic biological turnover. In the recently discovered cave site of Mughr el-Hamamah, Jordan, in situ flint artifacts comprise a diagnostic early Upper Paleolithic (EUP) assemblage. Unusually well-preserved charcoal from hearths and other anthropogenic features associated with the lithic material were subjected to acid-base-wet oxidation-stepped combustion (ABOx-SC) pretreatment. This article presents the ABOx-SC accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates on nine charcoal specimens from a single palimpsest occupation layer. Date calibration was carried out using the INTCAL13 radiocarbon calibration dataset. With the bulk of the material dating to 45-39 ka cal BP (thousands of years calibrated before present), the Mughr el-Hamamah lithic artifacts reveal important differences from penecontemporaneous sites in the region, documenting greater technological variability than previously known for this time frame in the Levant. The radiocarbon data from this EUP archaeological context highlight remaining challenges for increasing chronological precision in documenting the MP-UP transition.
方法学的发展和新的古人类学数据仍然是阐明旧石器时代中期向晚期（MP-UP）考古过渡与大致同期的解剖学意义上的现代人类 - 古代人类生物更替之间的时间以及系统相互关系的核心。在最近发现的约旦穆赫尔 - 哈马马洞穴遗址中，原地燧石制品构成了一个典型的旧石器时代晚期早期（EUP）组合。与石器材料相关的来自炉灶和其他人为特征的保存异常完好的木炭经过了酸碱 - 湿氧化 - 分步燃烧（ABOx - SC）预处理。本文介绍了来自单个重叠占用层的九个木炭样本的ABOx - SC加速器质谱（AMS）放射性碳年代测定结果。使用INTCAL13放射性碳校准数据集进行年代校准。由于大部分材料的年代测定为距今45 - 39千年校正年前（ka cal BP，即距今数千年前校正），穆赫尔 - 哈马马的石器制品显示出与该地区同期遗址的重要差异，记录了比黎凡特地区此前已知的该时间框架内更大的技术变异性。来自这个EUP考古背景的放射性碳数据突出了在记录MP - UP过渡时提高年代学精度方面仍然存在的挑战。
