Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Anal Chim Acta. 2015 Jul 16;884:1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.041. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
Trace element speciation in biomedical and environmental science has gained increasing attention over the past decade as researchers have begun to realize its importance in toxicological studies. Several nanomaterials, including titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have been used as sorbents to separate and preconcentrate trace element species prior to detection through mass spectrometry or optical spectroscopy. Recently, these nanomaterial-based speciation techniques have been integrated with microfluidics to minimize sample and reagent consumption and simplify analyses. This review provides a critical look into the present state and recent applications of nanomaterial-based microanalytical systems in the speciation of trace elements. The adsorption and preconcentration efficiencies, sample volume requirements, and detection limits of these nanomaterial-based speciation techniques are detailed, and their applications in environmental and biological analyses are discussed. Current perspectives and future trends into the increasing use of nanomaterial-based microfluidic techniques for trace element speciation are highlighted.
在过去的十年中，生物医学和环境科学中的微量元素形态分析受到了越来越多的关注，因为研究人员开始意识到它在毒理学研究中的重要性。几种纳米材料，包括二氧化钛纳米粒子（nano-TiO2）、碳纳米管（CNTs）和磁性纳米粒子（MNPs），已被用作吸附剂，在通过质谱或光谱法检测之前分离和预浓缩痕量元素形态。最近，这些基于纳米材料的形态分析技术已经与微流控技术集成，以最小化样品和试剂的消耗并简化分析。本综述批判性地探讨了基于纳米材料的微分析系统在痕量元素形态分析中的现状和最新应用。详细介绍了这些基于纳米材料的形态分析技术的吸附和预浓缩效率、样品体积要求和检测限，并讨论了它们在环境和生物分析中的应用。强调了基于纳米材料的微流控技术在痕量元素形态分析中日益广泛应用的当前观点和未来趋势。
