Treiber F A, Mabe P A, Riley W, Carr T, Levy M, Thompson W, Strong W B
Department of Pediatrics, Georgia Institute for the Prevention of Human Disease and Accidents, Medical College of Georgia.
J Pers Assess. 1989 Winter;53(4):770-82. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5304_13.
Thirty-two teachers rated Type A behavior, using Matthews Youth Test for Health, (MYTH) and negative characteristics of hyperactivity, negative peer relations, social withdrawal, and depression in 105 children, between the ages of 6 and 11, from lower to middle class Black and White families. Children's age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status (SES) and teachers' gender, grade taught, and years of teaching experience were not related to teachers' MYTH ratings. However, White teachers rated children higher on Type A behavior than Black teachers. Controlling for teacher race effects, MYTH total scores, rather than reflecting a global negative view of the child, showed a strong overlap with hyperactivity and were differentiated from social withdrawal and depression. The MYTH Impatience/Aggression factor was highly related to hyperactivity and negative peer interactions; the Competitiveness factor was associated with a lack of social withdrawal. The conclusions verify the multidimensional nature of children's Type A behavior pattern and the importance of rater demographic characteristics in the assessment of children's behavior.
32名教师使用马修斯青少年健康测试（MYTH）对105名6至11岁来自中低收入黑人和白人家庭的儿童的A型行为、多动的负面特征、负面同伴关系、社交退缩和抑郁进行了评分。儿童的年龄、性别、种族和社会经济地位（SES）以及教师的性别、所教年级和教学经验与教师的MYTH评分无关。然而，白人教师对儿童A型行为的评分高于黑人教师。在控制教师种族影响后，MYTH总分并非反映对儿童的整体负面看法，而是与多动有很强的重叠，并且与社交退缩和抑郁有所区别。MYTH不耐烦/攻击性因子与多动和负面同伴互动高度相关；竞争性因子与缺乏社交退缩有关。研究结论证实了儿童A型行为模式的多维度性质以及评估者人口统计学特征在儿童行为评估中的重要性。
