Biggio Joseph R, Anderson Sarah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Sep;58(3):654-67. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000120.
The number of multiple gestations has increased over the last several decades and preterm birth is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality for these pregnancies. While screening and treatment strategies have achieved moderate success in singleton gestations, screening strategies are less effective in multiple gestations. In addition, to date no intervention aimed at preventing preterm birth has been conclusively shown to either prolong gestation or improve neonatal outcomes for multiple gestations. As in singleton gestations, cervical length is one of the strongest predictors of preterm birth. While not conclusive, emerging data suggest that vaginal progesterone or cervical pessary may be able to prevent preterm birth in twin gestations with a short cervix.
在过去几十年中,多胎妊娠的数量有所增加,早产是这些妊娠围产期发病和死亡的主要原因之一。虽然筛查和治疗策略在单胎妊娠中取得了一定成功,但筛查策略在多胎妊娠中效果较差。此外,迄今为止,尚无旨在预防早产的干预措施被确凿证明能延长多胎妊娠的孕周或改善新生儿结局。与单胎妊娠一样,宫颈长度是早产最强的预测指标之一。虽然尚无定论,但新出现的数据表明,阴道用黄体酮或宫颈托可能能够预防宫颈短的双胎妊娠早产。