Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany.
German Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Biometry and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Diabetes Care. 2015 Oct;38(10):1827-34. doi: 10.2337/dc14-2690. Epub 2015 Jun 17.
Ingestion of probiotics can modify gut microbiota and alter insulin resistance and diabetes development in rodents. We hypothesized that daily intake of Lactobacillus reuteri increases insulin sensitivity by changing cytokine release and insulin secretion via modulation of the release of glucagon-like peptides (GLP)-1 and -2.
A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial was performed in 21 glucose-tolerant humans (11 lean: age 49 ± 7 years, BMI 23.6 ± 1.7 kg/m(2); 10 obese: age 51 ± 7 years, BMI 35.5 ± 4.9 kg/m(2)). Participants ingested 10(10) b.i.d. L. reuteri SD5865 or placebo over 4 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance and isoglycemic glucose infusion tests were used to assess incretin effect and GLP-1 and GLP-2 secretion, and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps with [6,6-(2)H2]glucose were used to measure peripheral insulin sensitivity and endogenous glucose production. Muscle and hepatic lipid contents were assessed by (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and immune status, cytokines, and endotoxin were measured with specific assays.
In glucose-tolerant volunteers, daily administration of L. reuteri SD5865 increased glucose-stimulated GLP-1 and GLP-2 release by 76% (P < 0.01) and 43% (P < 0.01), respectively, compared with placebo, along with 49% higher insulin (P < 0.05) and 55% higher C-peptide secretion (P < 0.05). However, the intervention did not alter peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity, body mass, ectopic fat content, or circulating cytokines.
Enrichment of gut microbiota with L. reuteri increases insulin secretion, possibly due to augmented incretin release, but does not directly affect insulin sensitivity or body fat distribution. This suggests that oral ingestion of one specific strain may serve as a novel therapeutic approach to improve glucose-dependent insulin release.
益生菌的摄入可以改变肠道微生物群，并改变啮齿动物的胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病发展。我们假设，每日摄入罗伊氏乳杆菌可以通过调节胰高血糖素样肽（GLP）-1 和 -2 的释放来增加胰岛素敏感性，从而改变细胞因子的释放和胰岛素的分泌。
对 21 名糖耐量正常的人（11 名瘦人：年龄 49 ± 7 岁，BMI 23.6 ± 1.7 kg/m²；10 名肥胖者：年龄 51 ± 7 岁，BMI 35.5 ± 4.9 kg/m²）进行了一项前瞻性、双盲、随机试验。参与者在 4 周内每天摄入 10（10）次 b.i.d. 罗伊氏乳杆菌 SD5865 或安慰剂。口服葡萄糖耐量和等血糖葡萄糖输注试验用于评估肠促胰岛素效应和 GLP-1 和 GLP-2 的分泌，等血糖高胰岛素血症钳夹试验并用 [6,6-（2）H2]葡萄糖测量外周胰岛素敏感性和内源性葡萄糖产生。通过 1H 磁共振波谱测量肌肉和肝内脂质含量，并通过特定测定测量免疫状态、细胞因子和内毒素。
在糖耐量正常的志愿者中，与安慰剂相比，每天给予罗伊氏乳杆菌 SD5865 可分别增加葡萄糖刺激的 GLP-1 和 GLP-2 释放 76%（P < 0.01）和 43%（P < 0.01），同时胰岛素增加 49%（P < 0.05），C 肽分泌增加 55%（P < 0.05）。然而，干预并未改变外周和肝胰岛素敏感性、体重、异位脂肪含量或循环细胞因子。
用罗伊氏乳杆菌丰富肠道微生物群可增加胰岛素分泌，可能是由于肠促胰岛素释放增加，但不会直接影响胰岛素敏感性或体脂分布。这表明，口服摄入一种特定的菌株可能成为改善葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放的新治疗方法。
