Trip Henrietta, Conder Jenny, Hale Leigh, Whitehead Lisa
Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Donald Beasley Institute, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Health Soc Care Community. 2016 Nov;24(6):789-798. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12262. Epub 2015 Jun 22.
The incidence of diabetes in people with an intellectual disability, although unknown, is indicated to be higher than the general population. Given the challenges individuals with intellectual disability may face, this population is often dependent upon key workers to manage their health and well-being. One aim of a wider study on the self-management of diabetes by people with intellectual disability was to explore how key workers supported their self-management. That aim was the focus of this paper. Between 2009 and 2010, 17 staff from five residential intellectual disability services and two supported independent living services within New Zealand, consented to a semi-structured interview. Transcripts of the interviews were analysed using Thomas' General Inductive Approach. Three overarching themes emerged; having knowledge and understanding, being lifestyle police and ensuring future well-being. While knowledge, skills and perspectives varied, all participants were committed to ensuring that the lifestyle of the person concerned was compatible with the management of their diabetes. A range of perspectives existed between the expectations they had of themselves, colleagues and the individual with diabetes. There was an identified need for initial and ongoing education of permanent and casual staff and the people themselves with diabetes in collaboration with health and disability services to build confidence and promote self-management practices. In so doing, the impacts of this long-term condition may be reduced and the health outcomes improved for people with intellectual disability.
智障人士患糖尿病的发病率虽尚不明确，但有迹象表明高于普通人群。鉴于智障人士可能面临的挑战，这一群体往往依赖关键工作人员来管理他们的健康和福祉。一项关于智障人士糖尿病自我管理的更广泛研究的目标之一，是探讨关键工作人员如何支持他们的自我管理。这一目标是本文的重点。2009年至2010年期间，来自新西兰五家智障人士住宿服务机构和两家支持独立生活服务机构的17名工作人员同意接受半结构化访谈。访谈记录采用托马斯的一般归纳法进行分析。出现了三个总体主题：具备知识和理解、充当生活方式警察以及确保未来福祉。虽然知识、技能和观点各不相同，但所有参与者都致力于确保相关人员的生活方式与他们的糖尿病管理相适应。他们对自己、同事和糖尿病患者的期望存在一系列不同的观点。确定需要与健康和残疾服务机构合作，对长期和临时工作人员以及糖尿病患者本人进行初始和持续教育，以建立信心并促进自我管理实践。这样做可以减少这种长期疾病的影响，并改善智障人士的健康状况。
