Laboratório de Biogeografia da Conservação e Comportamento Animal, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas (CCAAB); Setor de Biologia, Rua Rui Barbosa 710, Centro 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil.
Laboratório de Macroecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Campus Jataí 75801-615, Jataí, GO, Brasil.
Am J Bot. 2015 Jun;102(6):870-7. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1400352. Epub 2015 Jun 9.
REMISE OF THE STUDY: Wild edible plants (WEPs) have an important cultural and economic role in human population worldwide. Human impacts are quickly converting natural habitats in agricultural, cattle ranch, and urbanized lands, putting native species on peril of risk of extinction, including some WEPs. Moreover, global climate changes also can pose another threat to species persistency. Here, we established conservation priorities for the Cerrado, a neotropical region in South America with high levels of plant endemism and vulnerability, aiming to assure long-term persistency of 16 most important WEPs. We evaluated these conservation priorities using a conservation biogeography framework using ecological patterns and process at a biogeographical scale to deal with species conservation features.
We built ecological niche models for 16 WEPs from Cerrado in the neotropics using climate models for preindustrial, past (Last Glacial Maximum) and future (year 2080) time periods to establish climatically stable areas through time, finding refugias for these WEPs. We used a spatial prioritization algorithm based on the spatial pattern of irreplaceability across the neotropics, aiming to ensure the persistence of at least 25% of range size in climatically stable areas for each WEP, using agricultural models as constraints.
The Southeast Cerrado was the most biotically stable and irreplaceable region for the WEPs compared with other areas across the neotropics.
Our findings strongly suggest that the Southeast Cerrado should be considered a conservation priority, with new protected areas to be sustainably managed and restored, to guarantee the supply of cultural and ecosystem services provided from the Cerrado's WEPs.
研究回顾：野生食用植物（WEPs）在全球人类中具有重要的文化和经济作用。人类的影响正在迅速将自然栖息地转化为农业、牛牧场和城市化土地，使本地物种面临灭绝的危险，包括一些 WEPs。此外，全球气候变化也可能对物种的持久性构成另一种威胁。在这里，我们为南美热带稀树草原地区确定了保护重点，该地区植物特有性和脆弱性水平较高，旨在确保 16 种最重要的 WEPs 的长期持久性。我们使用保护生物地理学框架，根据生物地理尺度上的生态模式和过程，评估了这些保护重点，以应对物种保护特征。
我们使用气候模型为来自热带稀树草原的 16 种 WEPs 构建了生态位模型，用于工业化前、过去（末次冰期最大值）和未来（2080 年）时期，以建立随时间推移气候稳定的区域，为这些 WEPs 找到避难所。我们使用基于不可替代性空间模式的空间优先级算法，旨在确保每个 WEPs 的气候稳定区域中至少有 25%的范围大小保持持久性，同时使用农业模型作为约束。
与热带稀树草原的其他地区相比，东南稀树草原是 WEPs 生物稳定性和不可替代性最高的地区。
我们的研究结果强烈表明，东南稀树草原应该被视为保护的优先事项，需要建立新的保护区，以可持续的方式管理和恢复，以保证来自热带稀树草原 WEPs 的文化和生态系统服务的供应。
