Mutsaers Steven E, Birnie Kimberly, Lansley Sally, Herrick Sarah E, Lim Chuan-Bian, Prêle Cecilia M
Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research , Nedlands, WA, Australia ; Institute for Respiratory Health, Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia , Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Institute for Respiratory Health, Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia , Nedlands, WA, Australia.
Front Pharmacol. 2015 Jun 9;6:113. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00113. eCollection 2015.
Mesothelial cells are fundamental to the maintenance of serosal integrity and homeostasis and play a critical role in normal serosal repair following injury. However, when normal repair mechanisms breakdown, mesothelial cells take on a profibrotic role, secreting inflammatory, and profibrotic mediators, differentiating and migrating into the injured tissues where they contribute to fibrogenesis. The development of new molecular and cell tracking techniques has made it possible to examine the origin of fibrotic cells within damaged tissues and to elucidate the roles they play in inflammation and fibrosis. In addition to secreting proinflammatory mediators and contributing to both coagulation and fibrinolysis, mesothelial cells undergo mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process analogous to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and become fibrogenic cells. Fibrogenic mesothelial cells have now been identified in tissues where they have not previously been thought to occur, such as within the parenchyma of the fibrotic lung. These findings show a direct role for mesothelial cells in fibrogenesis and open therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse the fibrotic process.
间皮细胞对于维持浆膜完整性和内环境稳定至关重要，并且在损伤后的正常浆膜修复中发挥关键作用。然而，当正常修复机制失效时，间皮细胞会发挥促纤维化作用，分泌炎症介质和促纤维化介质，分化并迁移至受损组织，在其中促进纤维化形成。新的分子和细胞追踪技术的发展使得研究受损组织内纤维化细胞的起源以及阐明它们在炎症和纤维化中所起的作用成为可能。除了分泌促炎介质以及参与凝血和纤维蛋白溶解外，间皮细胞还会经历间皮-间充质转化，这一过程类似于上皮-间充质转化，并成为纤维化细胞。现在已经在以前认为不会出现纤维化间皮细胞的组织中发现了它们，比如在纤维化肺的实质内。这些发现表明间皮细胞在纤维化形成中具有直接作用，并为预防或逆转纤维化过程开辟了治疗策略。
