Petrovič Uroš
Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Yeast. 2015 Sep;32(9):583-93. doi: 10.1002/yea.3082. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
Economic growth depends strongly on the availability and price of fuels. There are various reasons in different parts of the world for efforts to decrease the consumption of fossil fuels, but biofuels are one of the main solutions considered towards achieving this aim globally. As the major bioethanol producer, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a central position among biofuel-producing organisms. However, unprecedented challenges for yeast biotechnology lie ahead, as future biofuels will have to be produced on a large scale from sustainable feedstocks that do not interfere with food production, and which are generally not the traditional carbon source for S. cerevisiae. Additionally, the current trend in the development of biofuels is to synthesize molecules that can be used as drop-in fuels for existing engines. Their properties should therefore be more similar to those of oil-derived fuels than those of ethanol. Recent developments and challenges lying ahead for cost-effective production of such designed biofuels, using S. cerevisiae-based cell factories, are presented in this review.
经济增长在很大程度上依赖于燃料的可获得性和价格。世界不同地区为减少化石燃料消费做出努力有各种原因，但生物燃料是全球实现这一目标所考虑的主要解决方案之一。作为主要的生物乙醇生产商，酿酒酵母在生物燃料生产生物中占据核心地位。然而，酵母生物技术面临着前所未有的挑战，因为未来的生物燃料将不得不从可持续原料大规模生产，这些原料不会干扰粮食生产，而且通常不是酿酒酵母的传统碳源。此外，生物燃料当前的发展趋势是合成可作为现有发动机直接代用燃料的分子。因此，它们的特性应比乙醇更类似于石油衍生燃料。本综述介绍了利用基于酿酒酵母的细胞工厂经济高效生产此类设计生物燃料的最新进展和面临的挑战。
