危重症患者的无创通气

Noninvasive ventilation in critically ill patients.

作者信息

Gregoretti Cesare, Pisani Lara, Cortegiani Andrea, Ranieri Vito Marco

机构信息

Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria "Città della Salute e della Scienza", Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin 10126, Italy.

Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Respiratory and Critical Care, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna 40126, Italy.

出版信息

Crit Care Clin. 2015 Jul;31(3):435-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.03.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.ccc.2015.03.002

PMID:26118914

Abstract

Since its first application in the late 1980s, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been the first-line intervention for certain forms of acute respiratory failure. NIV may be delivered through the patient's mouth, nose, or both using noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure. When applied appropriately, NIV may reduce morbidity and mortality and may avert iatrogenic complications and infections associated with invasive mechanical ventilation. This article provides physicians and respiratory therapists with a comprehensive, practical guideline for using NIV in critical care.

摘要

自20世纪80年代末首次应用以来，无创通气（NIV）一直是某些形式急性呼吸衰竭的一线干预措施。无创通气可通过患者的口、鼻或两者同时使用无创间歇正压通气或持续气道正压通气来实施。若应用得当，无创通气可降低发病率和死亡率，并可避免与有创机械通气相关的医源性并发症和感染。本文为医生和呼吸治疗师提供了在重症监护中使用无创通气的全面实用指南。