Allen Pamela M, Mejía Shannon T, Hooker Karen
Oregon State University.
University of Michigan.
Psychol Aging. 2015 Sep;30(3):534-43. doi: 10.1037/pag0000039. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
Age-based self-stereotyping is associated with a variety of long-term physical health and psychological well-being outcomes for older people. However, little is known about how older individuals' day-to-day experiences of functional limitations may be related to concurrent self-appraisals on dimensions representing negative age stereotypes. We examined how distal personality traits and global self-perceptions of aging at baseline affect processing of daily experiences relevant to age-based self-stereotyping over time. Data from the 100-day Internet-based Personal Understanding of Life and Social Experiences (PULSE) study (N = 98, age = 52 - 88) were used to examine the link between personality and self-perceptions of aging to differences in 2 age stereotype-relevant daily experiences: cognitive limitations and variation in usefulness. Multilevel random coefficient models suggested that personality and self-perceptions of aging were associated with the level of usefulness and the frequency of reporting trouble concentrating during the study period. Daily experiences of trouble concentrating were significantly associated with lower perceived usefulness on that day, and conscientiousness moderated this relationship. By linking personality and global self-perceptions to daily experiences, our findings contribute toward understanding self-stereotyping processes by which personality and perceptions may affect long-term outcomes.
基于年龄的自我刻板印象与老年人的各种长期身体健康和心理健康结果相关。然而,对于老年人日常功能受限的经历如何与代表负面年龄刻板印象维度上的同时期自我评估相关,我们却知之甚少。我们研究了基线时的远端人格特质和对衰老的整体自我认知如何随时间影响与基于年龄的自我刻板印象相关的日常经历的处理。来自为期100天的基于互联网的生活与社会经历个人理解(PULSE)研究(N = 98,年龄 = 52 - 88岁)的数据,被用于检验人格与衰老的自我认知之间的联系,以及与两种与年龄刻板印象相关的日常经历差异之间的联系:认知局限和有用性的变化。多层次随机系数模型表明,人格和对衰老的自我认知与研究期间的有用性水平以及报告注意力不集中的频率相关。注意力不集中的日常经历与当天较低的感知有用性显著相关,尽责性调节了这种关系。通过将人格和整体自我认知与日常经历联系起来,我们的研究结果有助于理解人格和认知可能影响长期结果的自我刻板印象过程。