建筑工人气道阻塞的病例对照研究。
A case-control study of airways obstruction among construction workers.
机构信息
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
The Center for Construction Research and Training, Silver Spring, Maryland.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2015 Oct;58(10):1083-97. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22495. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
BACKGROUND
While smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and fumes (VGDF) increase COPD risk. This case-control study estimated the risk of COPD attributable to occupational exposures among construction workers.
METHODS
The study population included 834 cases and 1243 controls participating in a national medical screening program for older construction workers between 1997 and 2013. Qualitative exposure indices were developed based on lifetime work and exposure histories.
RESULTS
Approximately 18% (95% CI = 2-24%) of COPD risk can be attributed to construction-related exposures, which are additive to the risk contributed by smoking. A measure of all VGDF exposures combined was a strong predictor of COPD risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Construction workers are at increased risk of COPD as a result of broad and complex effects of many exposures acting independently or interactively. Control methods should be implemented to prevent worker exposures, and smoking cessation should be promoted.
背景
虽然吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的主要原因，但职业接触蒸气、气体、粉尘和烟雾（VGDF）会增加 COPD 的风险。本病例对照研究估计了建筑工人职业暴露导致 COPD 的风险。
方法
该研究人群包括 1997 年至 2013 年间参加全国老年建筑工人医疗筛查计划的 834 例病例和 1243 例对照。根据终生工作和接触史制定了定性暴露指数。
结果
约 18%（95%CI=2-24%）的 COPD 风险可归因于与建筑相关的暴露，这增加了吸烟导致的风险。所有 VGDF 暴露的综合衡量指标是 COPD 风险的一个强有力的预测因素。
结论
由于许多暴露因素独立或相互作用产生广泛而复杂的影响，建筑工人患 COPD 的风险增加。应实施控制方法以防止工人接触，并应促进戒烟。
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