新西兰人群使用终生职业史评估慢性呼吸道疾病的职业危险因素。
Occupational risk factors for chronic respiratory disease in a New Zealand population using lifetime occupational history.
机构信息
From the MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health (Drs Hansell and Ghosh), Imperial College London, London, the United Kingdom; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (Dr Hansell), London, the United Kingdom; Tauranga Hospital (Dr Poole), Tauranga, New Zealand; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) (Dr Zock), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) (Dr Zock), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) (Dr Zock), Spain; University of Otago Wellington (Prof Weatherall), Wellington, New Zealand; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (Profs Vermeulen and Kromhout), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Medical Research Institute of New Zealand (Dr Travers), Wellington, New Zealand; and University of Otago, North Dunedin, New Zealand (Prof Beasley).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2014 Mar;56(3):270-80. doi: 10.1097/01.jom.0000438382.33221.dc.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate associations between respiratory disease and occupational exposures in a New Zealand urban population, the Wellington Respiratory Survey.
METHODS
Multiple regression analyses in a population sample of 1017 individuals aged 25 to 74 years with spirometry and questionnaire information, including a lifetime occupational history.
RESULTS
Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with self-reported exposure to hairdressing, paint manufacturing, insecticides, welding, detergents and with ALOHA Job Exposure Matrix-assessed gases/fumes exposure. The strongest association was for hairdressing (odds ratio 6.91; 95% confidence interval: 2.02 to 23.70). Cumulative exposure to mineral dust and gases/fumes was associated with higher FEV₁% (forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration) predicted. Analyses were limited by relatively small numbers of cases.
CONCLUSIONS
Increased risks of objectively defined respiratory disease, which have been previously documented, were not seen. Nevertheless, the study suggested increased risk of respiratory symptoms with various occupational exposures as well as likely healthy worker effect.
目的
研究新西兰城市人群中呼吸疾病与职业暴露的相关性，即惠灵顿呼吸调查。
方法
对年龄在 25 至 74 岁的 1017 名人群进行了一项问卷调查，其中包括一份终生职业史。对这些参与者进行了多项回归分析。
结果
慢性支气管炎症状与报告的美发、油漆制造、杀虫剂、焊接、清洁剂职业暴露以及 ALOHA 职业暴露矩阵评估的气体/烟雾暴露有关。美发相关暴露的相关性最强（比值比 6.91；95%置信区间：2.02 至 23.70）。矿物粉尘和气体/烟雾的累积暴露与更高的预计第一秒用力呼气量（forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration，FEV₁%）相关。分析受到病例数量相对较少的限制。
结论
虽然此前有研究已经证明了与客观定义的呼吸疾病相关的风险增加，但在本研究中并未观察到。然而，该研究表明，各种职业暴露与呼吸症状的风险增加有关，而且可能存在健康工人效应。
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