German Alina, Shmoish Michael, Hochberg Ze'ev
Pediatric Department, Bnai-Zion Medical Center and Clalit HMO, Haifa, Israel.
Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit, The Lokey Center, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Pediatr Res. 2015 Oct;78(4):445-50. doi: 10.1038/pr.2015.129. Epub 2015 Jul 7.
Despite substantial heritability in pubertal development, children differ in maturational tempo.
(i) puberty and its duration are influenced by early changes in height and adiposity. (ii) Adiposity rebound (AR) is a marker for pubertal tempo.
We utilized published prospective data from 659 girls and 706 boys of the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. We investigated the age of pubarche-thelarche-gonadarche-menarche as a function of early height, BMI, and AR.
In girls, height standard deviation scores correlated negatively with thelarche and pubarche from 15 mo of age and with menarche from 54 mo. BMI correlated negatively with thelarche from 36 mo of age and menarche from 54 mo. In boys, age at gonadarche correlated negatively with height from 36 mo of age. An AR was detected in 47% of girls and 55% of boys, who became heavier and had earlier and faster puberty than those with no AR.
The onset and tempo of puberty are influenced by a two-hit program. The first is exerted during the infancy-childhood transition (ICT; 6-12 mo) and includes height, as an early predictor of maturational tempo. The second hit occurs at the childhood-juvenility transition (5-7 y) and is based on adiposity and its rebound.
尽管青春期发育具有显著的遗传性，但儿童在成熟节奏上存在差异。
（i）青春期及其持续时间受身高和肥胖早期变化的影响。（ii）肥胖反弹（AR）是青春期节奏的一个标志。
我们利用了来自幼儿保育与青年发展研究的659名女孩和706名男孩的已发表前瞻性数据。我们研究了阴毛初现 - 乳房初现 - 性腺初现 - 月经初潮的年龄与早期身高、体重指数和AR的关系。
在女孩中，从15个月大开始，身高标准差分数与乳房初现和阴毛初现呈负相关，从54个月大开始与月经初潮呈负相关。从36个月大开始，体重指数与乳房初现呈负相关，从54个月大开始与月经初潮呈负相关。在男孩中，从36个月大开始，性腺初现的年龄与身高呈负相关。在47%的女孩和55%的男孩中检测到肥胖反弹，与没有肥胖反弹的儿童相比，这些儿童体重增加，青春期开始更早且进展更快。
青春期的开始和节奏受双打击程序的影响。第一次打击发生在婴儿期 - 儿童期过渡阶段（ICT；6 - 12个月），包括身高，作为成熟节奏的早期预测指标。第二次打击发生在儿童期 - 青少年期过渡阶段（5 - 7岁），基于肥胖及其反弹。
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