Fuente Adrian
Faculté de médecine, École d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada.
Front Syst Neurosci. 2015 Jun 22;9:94. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2015.00094. eCollection 2015.
Large intersubject variability in the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is known to occur in both humans and animals. It has been suggested that the olivocochlear system (OCS) plays a significant role in protecting the cochlea from exposure to high levels of noise. A mini literature review about the scientific evidence from animal and human studies about the association between the function of the OCS and susceptibility to NIHL was carried out. Animal data consistently show that de-efferented ears exhibit larger temporary threshold shift (TTS) and permanent threshold shift (PTS) than efferented ears. Data from human studies do not consistently show a correlation between the strength of the OCS function and amount of TTS. Further research on human subjects is required to determine how the OCS function could be used to predict susceptibility to NIHL in individual subjects.
众所周知,人类和动物对噪声性听力损失(NIHL)的易感性存在很大的个体差异。有人提出,橄榄耳蜗系统(OCS)在保护耳蜗免受高强度噪声影响方面起着重要作用。针对动物和人类研究中有关OCS功能与NIHL易感性之间关联的科学证据进行了一项小型文献综述。动物数据一致表明,去传出神经支配的耳朵比有传出神经支配的耳朵表现出更大的暂时性阈移(TTS)和永久性阈移(PTS)。人类研究数据并未始终显示出OCS功能强度与TTS量之间存在相关性。需要对人类受试者进行进一步研究,以确定OCS功能如何用于预测个体受试者对NIHL的易感性。