Regueira-Diéguez Antía, Pérez-Rivas Natalia, Muñoz-Barús José Ignacio, Vázquez-Portomeñe Fernando, Rodríguez-Calvo María Sol
Department of Pathology and Forensic Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Institute of Criminology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2015 Aug;34:119-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant worldwide problem whose magnitude and risk factors vary across different settings and cultures. Nowadays, it is a priority to improve the knowledge on this issue in order to formulate better evidence-based policy responses. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of non-fatal IPV against women in Spain. A retrospective analysis of IPV cases with a final judicial decision was carried out. The period under study extended from January 2005 to December 2012, with a total of 582 files included in the investigation. Most IPV victims were young adult women of Spanish origin, either married or single, with children, unemployed and with a low family income level. The majority of alleged perpetrators were young adults, employed, with a middle-low income level, a history of alcohol consumption/abuse, but no criminal records. Most victims had previous history of IPV, were engaged in a long-term relationship with their abuser and lived with him at the time of assault. The combination of psychological and physical abuse was the most frequent form of violence. The most common mechanisms of assault consisted in minor acts of physical violence, which resulted in mild injuries, most of them in the upper limbs and face. Nearly half of women sought medical care, but physician's injury report was only made in about a quarter of these cases, even though it is mandatory for health professionals. The majority of criminal proceedings were initiated by the victim's report and ended in conviction, most of them being considered occasional mistreatment. This study confirms the heterogeneity of the phenomenon of intimate partner violence. The importance of adopting standard IPV concepts and promoting the recognition and assessment of this form of violence amongst health care professionals, criminal investigators and forensic personnel is emphasized.
亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)是一个全球性的重大问题,其规模和风险因素因不同的环境和文化而异。如今,优先事项是增进对这一问题的了解,以便制定更好的基于证据的政策应对措施。本研究旨在有助于更好地理解西班牙针对妇女的非致命性亲密伴侣暴力。对有最终司法裁决的亲密伴侣暴力案件进行了回顾性分析。研究期间从2005年1月至2012年12月,调查共纳入582份档案。大多数亲密伴侣暴力受害者是西班牙裔年轻成年女性,已婚或单身,育有子女,失业且家庭收入水平低。大多数被指控的施暴者是年轻成年人,有工作,收入水平中低,有饮酒/酗酒史,但无犯罪记录。大多数受害者有亲密伴侣暴力史,与施暴者保持长期关系,在受攻击时与他住在一起。心理和身体虐待相结合是最常见的暴力形式。最常见的攻击方式是轻微身体暴力行为,导致轻伤,其中大多数发生在上肢和面部。近一半的女性寻求医疗护理,但医生仅在约四分之一的此类病例中出具了伤情报告,尽管卫生专业人员有此义务。大多数刑事诉讼是由受害者报案启动的,最终以定罪告终,其中大多数被视为偶尔的虐待行为。本研究证实了亲密伴侣暴力现象的异质性。强调采用标准的亲密伴侣暴力概念并促进医护人员、刑事调查人员和法医人员对这种暴力形式的认识和评估的重要性。