Gul Hesna, Gul Ahmet, Kara Koray
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
North Clin Istanb. 2020 Feb 13;7(4):359-365. doi: 10.14744/nci.2020.46514. eCollection 2020.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is an important public health problem. In this study, we aimed to investigate the exposure of IPV types, child abuse and decrease in life contentment of married women from high socioeconomic status in Turkey.
Data were collected using an online/written questionnaire and Contentment with Life Scale. The questionnaire included definitions of physical, emotional, economic and sexual IPV and asked how many times they experienced these types of abuse.
We found that physical, emotional, economic and sexual IPV exposure were 19%, 45.2%, 12.5%, and 6%, respectively, which suggest that IPV types were common in this group, too. Physical child abuse was higher among physical and emotional IPV victims (p=0004, p=0.02, respectively), while emotional child abuse was higher only among physical IPV victims (p=0.01). On the other hand, exposure to economic and sexual IPV was not related to any type of child abuse in this sample (p>0.05). Physical and economic IPV victims were statistically older (p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively), married for longer time (p<0.001 for both) and had relatively lower education level (p<0.001 for both), while sexual IPV victims had lower education level than non-victims (p=0.03). We demonstrated that physical-emotional and sexual intramarital IPV significantly reduce the women's contentment with life scores when compared with non-victims (p=0.02, p<0.001 and p=0.03, respectively).
IPV exposure is also severe among married women with high socioeconomic levels and is associated with child abuse in the family and a decrease in life contentment. Lengthened education period among women with similar socioeconomic levels may be an additional protective factor for IPV by delaying the age of marriage and increasing the individual income.
针对女性的亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)是一个重要的公共卫生问题。在本研究中,我们旨在调查土耳其社会经济地位较高的已婚女性遭受的IPV类型、儿童虐待情况以及生活满意度的下降情况。
使用在线/书面问卷和生活满意度量表收集数据。问卷包括身体、情感、经济和性方面的IPV定义,并询问她们经历这些虐待类型的次数。
我们发现,身体、情感、经济和性方面的IPV暴露率分别为19%、45.2%、12.5%和6%,这表明这些IPV类型在该群体中也很常见。身体虐待儿童在身体和情感IPV受害者中更为常见(分别为p = 0.004,p = 0.02),而情感虐待儿童仅在身体IPV受害者中更为常见(p = 0.01)。另一方面,在本样本中,经济和性方面的IPV暴露与任何类型的儿童虐待均无关联(p>0.05)。身体和经济IPV受害者在统计学上年龄较大(分别为p = 0.004,p<0.001),结婚时间较长(两者均为p<0.001),且教育水平相对较低(两者均为p<0.001),而性IPV受害者的教育水平低于非受害者(p = 0.03)。我们证明,与非受害者相比,身体 - 情感和性婚内IPV会显著降低女性的生活满意度得分(分别为p = 0.02,p<0.001和p = 0.03)。
社会经济水平较高的已婚女性中,IPV暴露情况也很严重,并且与家庭中的儿童虐待以及生活满意度下降有关。在社会经济水平相似的女性中延长教育时间可能是预防IPV的一个额外保护因素,因为这可以推迟结婚年龄并增加个人收入。