Naing Cho, Wai Victor Nyunt, Durham Jo, Whittaker Maxine A, Win Ni Ni, Aung Kyan, Mak Joon Wah
From the Institute for Research, Development and Innovation (IRDI) (CN, JWM), International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; School of Medicine (VNW, KA), International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; School of Public Health (JD, MAW), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and School of Health Sciences (NNW), International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Jul;94(28):e1089. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001089.
Engaging students in active learning lies at the center of effective higher education. In medical schools, students' engagement in learning and research has come under increasing attention. The objective of this study was to synthesize evidence on medical students' perspectives on the engagement in research. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Relevant studies were searched in electronic databases. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Overall, 14 observational studies (with 17 data sets) were included. In general, many studies did not use the same questionnaires and the outcome measurements were not consistently reported; these presented some difficulties in pooling the results. Whenever data permitted, we performed pooled analysis for the 4 education outcomes. A Bayesian meta-analytical approach was supplemented as a measure of uncertainty. A pooled analysis showed that 74% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57%-11.07%; I2: 95.2%) of those students who engaged in research (while at the medical school) had positive attitudes toward their research experiences, whereas 49.5% (95% CI: 36.4%-62.7%; I2: 93.4%) had positive attitudes toward the study of medical sciences, 62.3% (95% CI: 46.7%-77.9%; I2: 96.3%) had self-reported changes in their practices, and 64% (95% CI: 30.8%-96.6%; I2: 98.5%) could have published their work. There was substantial heterogeneity among studies. We acknowledged the caveats and the merit of the current review. Findings showed that engagement in research resulted in favorable reactions toward research and academic learning. Future well-designed studies using standardized research tools on how to engage students in research are recommended.
让学生参与主动学习是有效高等教育的核心。在医学院校，学生对学习和研究的参与受到了越来越多的关注。本研究的目的是综合关于医学生对参与研究的看法的证据。我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析。在电子数据库中检索相关研究。评估纳入研究的方法学质量。总体而言，纳入了14项观察性研究（共17个数据集）。一般来说，许多研究没有使用相同的问卷，结果测量也没有一致报告；这给汇总结果带来了一些困难。只要数据允许，我们就对4个教育成果进行汇总分析。补充了贝叶斯荟萃分析方法作为不确定性的一种度量。汇总分析表明，参与研究（在医学院期间）的学生中，74%（95%置信区间[CI]：1.57%-11.07%；I²：95.2%）对他们的研究经历持积极态度，而49.5%（95%CI：36.4%-62.7%；I²：93.4%）对医学科学学习持积极态度，62.3%（95%CI：46.7%-77.9%；I²：96.3%）自我报告实践有变化，64%（95%CI：30.8%-96.6%；I²：98.
