Iwamoto Daniel V, Calderwood David A
Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2015 Oct;36:41-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.06.009. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane adhesion receptors that couple the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular environment and bidirectionally relay signals across the cell membrane. These processes are critical for cell attachment, migration, differentiation, and survival, and therefore play essential roles in metazoan development, physiology, and pathology. Integrin-mediated adhesions are regulated by diverse factors, including the conformation-specific affinities of integrin receptors for their extracellular ligands, the clustering of integrins and their intracellular binding partners into discrete adhesive structures, mechanical forces exerted on the adhesion, and the intracellular trafficking of integrins themselves. Recent advances shed light onto how the interaction of specific intracellular proteins with the short cytoplasmic tails of integrins controls each of these activities.
整合素是异二聚体跨膜粘附受体，它将肌动蛋白细胞骨架与细胞外环境相连，并在细胞膜上双向传递信号。这些过程对于细胞附着、迁移、分化和存活至关重要，因此在多细胞动物的发育、生理学和病理学中发挥着重要作用。整合素介导的粘附受多种因素调节，包括整合素受体对其细胞外配体的构象特异性亲和力、整合素及其细胞内结合伙伴聚集成离散的粘附结构、施加在粘附部位的机械力以及整合素自身的细胞内运输。最近的进展揭示了特定细胞内蛋白质与整合素短细胞质尾巴的相互作用如何控制这些活动中的每一项。
